Recent Images  (and News) (This page covers several years, some items nowhere else, so even older!)

(As you might expect, the most recent images are at the top of this page. But the Gallery pages read downwards.) 

If you're just popping in for a brief visit, have a look at my 'Pick of the Bunch'

Laptop Upgrade, 2004 Messier Marathon, Transit of Venus, Dalby 2004 Star Party, Kelling Heath 2007, Light Board, Camera Lens experiments and other oddments on the Bits 'n Pieces Page.

NEW! Sharpstar 140 Refractor
Artificial Star
2013 Visit to Tasmania
Motorising the Observatory

  All photographs Copyright © Peter Vasey, and may not be reproduced without permission. You can email me at the following:

Zambia Total Eclipse 2001

Visits to La Palma. 2007 and 2008

Visit to Les Granges 2008 and 2009

Comet 17P/Holmes There is a separate page devoted to this remarkable comet. Here. 

Round the World Trip 2010 (With the Total Solar Eclipse of July 11th - South Pacific page)

How to find the South Celestial Pole  

Please note: As browsers and HTML code move on, some links to external web sites may not work because I use 'frames'. I can amend my code to open the link in a new page, but have not tested every link! So please email me if you find any problems of that nature - usually you will just get a blank screen when you click on the link.   

A brief sojourn with a one-shot colour Altair 294C camera was interesting but in the end didn't work for me - I hasten to add nothing wrong with the camera !

Despite the generally poor weather this Spring, another clear night was forecast for 9th April, so I tackled the unusual and seldom imaged mag 9.9 lenticular galaxy NGC 4753 in Virgo. This recently was featured as a Gemini South telescope image, described as a 'Train Wreck' galaxy! With my modest equipment and less than pristine skies, I did not expect too much, but managed to bring up the unusual dust lanes, so reasonably pleased with the image. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 15 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2. Full Size

The Leo Trio is of course well known and a favourite target. But the tail of stars spreading East from NGC3628 is on a different level altogether. I've always wanted to capture it - there are some beautiful images around. But I suspect the vast majority were taken under very dark clean skies. The UK weather this Spring has been dreadful - wet and cloudy almost all the time. But a clear sky was forecast for 30th March even here in North East England. The Moon became obtrusive by 3 am on 31st, but I managed to collect 17 Luminance and 6 each RGB subs, all 10 minutes, binned 2x2 with my QSI683 camera on my TMB 105 refractor (650 mm fl) . Unfortunately although the image showed the tail, it had to be highly stretched and was very 'noisy'. I don't think I've had a single night this season with steady transparent Arctic air. Sometimes I wonder if it's worth continuing imaging the way the weather is going, particularly when I look at an image I took of NGC3628 in 2010. Maybe more data will help to reduce the noise, but the forecast for the next week or so is also rubbish, and before we know it the twilight nights will be here.  BUT... there was a decently clear night on 7th April, and although windy the shelter of my Obsy dome and the high speed Starlight Xpress guider took care of that. So I was able to capture another 16 luminance subs, giving a total of 33 x 10 minutes binned 2x2. I also got a bit more colour data, but have stayed with the original which for some reason came out better with minor tweaks. So at last I can just show the tail without too much noise. That's that for the tail in my muzzy UK sky. Not the best of the Trio, but they would be better with my longer focal length SharpStar 140. Or even a mosaic with the 2 metre RC10 to really grab the galaxy details. Maybe next year.... Full Size

NGC 3675 is an infrequently imaged 'flocullent'galaxy in Ursa Major. It is quite small in the sky, and at 10th magnitude not particularly bright overall but has a bright core and considerable dusty areas. A clear night was forecast for 3rd March 2024, but did not clear for me until around 11 pm, by which time a bright aurora had been and gone unseen - typical! So with the clear window cut short this is the result of around 5 hours of data. Luminance 11 x 10 minutes, RGB each 7 x 10 minutes. QSI683 on RC10 with SX AO unit, all binned 2x2. A somewhat 'twinkly' sky so not the best of seeing and some loss of fine detail. A good guide star was available but using it put the galaxy off centre, so this is cropped from the full image. North is up. What appears to be a processing artifact - a faint shadow visible to the upper left of the galaxy, is in fact a broad band of dust, more clearly visible in images taken with larger telescopes under better skies than mine, for example this image by Adam Block. Full size (cropped)

Magnitude 10.3 galaxy NGC 2336 in Camelopardalis as I stated in a much earlier image in 2007, is one of the nearest reasonably sized galaxies to the North Pole, lying only 10 degrees from it, so accessible all the year round for Northern observers. Quite small in the sky at 7 x 4 arc-minutes, but physically very big - approximately 200,000 light years across, twice the size of our own Milky Way galaxy. As I say, a long time since that earlier image and well overdue for an update. The tiny galaxy just above the main one is mag 17.4 PGC 213387. Although January and February 2024 were predominantly cloudy, the nights of 11th and 12th February relented, although with occasional cloud and slight haze which probably contributed to the halos on the brighter stars. But I was able to collect a worthwhile amount of data with this pleasing result. Luminance 22 x 10 minutes, RGB each 13 x 10 minutes. All binned 2x2, QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Full size

This emission nebula, Sharpless 284 in Monoceros is fairly large - the central circular area is similar in diameter to the Moon, and is accompanied by other areas of emission. But is faint and requires quite a lot of exposure, not easily acquired in England of late, particularly the very cloudy and stormy weather in December and January! Fortunately a few clear nights in early January 2024 although limited by time constraints due to other engagements and the low elevation of the target here in NE England gave me an opportunity and this is the result. Imaged over nights of the 5th, 14th and 18th of January. Narrowband Ha 22 x 10 minutes, OIII and SII 12 x 10 minutes. Also LRGB for the stars, Luminance 10 x 3 minutes, RGB each 4 x 3 minutes. All binned 2x2 with QSI683 camera and Starlight Xpress AO on TS65 quad. Processed as Hubble palette (SHO) then some quite enjoyable messing about to end up with the final colours. The original stars in the SHO image were removed using StarNet, and later replaced with the LRGB stars. Full Size This image appeared in the March 2024 Astronomy Now Gallery

The night of 2nd December fortunately was clear albeit slightly hazy. Perhaps that helped stability, because this is a much better image than the 25th November effort below. Also I attempted to improve collimation, although with my rather unsteady skies it is difficult to find the 'sweet spot'. But with my generally mediocre seeing this is almost as good as it gets. The Great Red Spot nicely centred, with an interesting strongly coloured area beside it - I wonder what is happening there. GPCAM2 on RC10 with 2.5X Powermate. 308 subs stacked from a total of 2049 (1 minute AVI). Incidentally my original take on this was much more blue rather like the below image, but I eventually modified the colours- I feel this is probably more representative. We are now moving away from Jupiter. I had another look several days later but in very poor seeing, so no good. So that is it for this apparition unless something really unusual happens. But I'm looking forward to December 2024 when Jupiter will be much higher, reaching a maximum altitude for me at opposition of 57 degrees. 10 degrees higher than for this image!

At last, an Aurora! With the Sun now more active, aurora are likely, but unfortunately I missed a superb one in early November2023 due to my tendon damage which at that time had me firmly in crutches with only one useable leg. But the solar image below prompted me to keep an eye on activity and I was rewarded by a showing around 6.30 pm on 25th November. Unfortunately there was a fair bit of cloud around and also bright moonlight which diminished the effect which was barely visible to the naked eye. But good to finally get one! Times were 6:25 pm for the upper image and 6:32 pm for the lower. Canon 700d at 17 mm focal length, f2.8, ISO1600, each single 2second exposures. Larger images 6:25, 6:32

On 2nd November 2023 Jupiter was at its closest to Earth and nicely high in the sky. But due partly to poor weather and mainly to my inability to image due to the recent Achilles tendon rupture I missed that date when typically we had a couple of beautifully clear nights. But on the night of 25th November the Red spot was visible in a reasonably clear sky. Although Jupiter was nicely high at around 47 degrees altitude, the image is not as sharp as I would have hoped, maybe some fine turbulence, or maybe my telescope needs collimation! I will endeavour to do that before the next opportunities in early December.

Now more mobile in a walking boot, and after weeks of cloud a nice clear day on 24th November. Despite a stiff breeze and low solar altitude the air was quite stable so a reasonable image although my Solarview50 is not working to its best ability - still trying to get it fully fixed. Stacked 34 out of 106 frames, Altair GPCAM3 mono on Solarview50. But lots of activity - hopefully the active areas will give an aurora over the next couple of nights when it's forecast to stay clear, although unfortunately a near full Moon will take the edge off. Full size

In early October 2023 a trip to Kelling Heath Star Party was followed immediately by a few days at Calvert Trust Kielder. Unfortunately for both events there was only one reasonably clear night, and although the sky is nicely dark at both locations, it was never clean - always thin high haze. I already had targets in mind and succeeded in getting reasonable images of both, but not as clearly defined or contrasty as would have been possible under better conditions.
This is Barnard 169-71 dark nebula in Cepheus. This was the Kelling Heath target. The object is quite faint anyway, and the conditions didn't help, but at least it is visible. The 'squiggle' in the top left corner is seperately catalogued as B173-4. I have a closer image of this from 2013 here. I also have an image of the main target taken under the clear skies of Les Granges in France in 2008, but it does not include B173-4. This image comprises Luminance 15 x 10 minutes unbinned, RGB each 10 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. QSI 683 on TS65 quad with SX AO unit.. Larger image
Also in Cepheus, Sharpless 154 is a hydrogen alpha region. Imaged from Kielder, again faint. There was very little OIII and no SII to be seen, so on returning home I gathered RGB data for star colours and added the H-a as a layer. The small open cluster in the lower left corner is NGC 7419. H-alpha 15 x 10 minutes, Luminance 10 x 2 minutes, RGB each 6 x 2 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI683 on TMB105 with SX AO unit. Remains high for some months, so if possible I would like to gather more H-a data. The slight haze and stretching required has left it a bit 'noisy'. Full size
Footnote: The last of the data for Sharpless 154 was gathered on the night of 21st October. And was the last imaging for some time. I ruptured the Achilles tendon in my left leg the following afternoon at a friend's birthday party ceilidh. This severely limited my activity for three weeks due to wearing a non load bearing cast, and indeed I missed a couple of clear nights and a bright aurora shortly afterwards. But once in a load bearing boot I was more active although still unable to drive for several weeks.

30th August 2023 clouded over later, but was beautifully crisp and clear around noon and I was able to capture this image of the Sun with my ailing but not useless Solarview 50. It's so close to being the way it should be, but this image was at the absolute limit of travel of the adjustments. Almost ok with quite good detail around the sunspots, but because the etalon is not fully 'tuned' for the surface details, the brightness varies considerably across the disc. I remember when all was working correctly there was a visible darkening right across the disc as it came into tune. Hopefully it will be restored to full operation this Autumn when it is again to be returned to Solarscope in the Isle of Man. Altair GPCAM3 Mono on Solarview 50. 30 frames from 110 each for disc and prominences, processed and stacked in Registax, finished and coloured in Photoshop. Full size

For many years my image of M11 was this monochrome one from 2003. About time it was replaced! June of course has very bright twilight skies here, and July 2023 was the wettest on record. But a couple of clear nights in August gave me an opportunity. 11th wasn't too bad although clouds moved in, but the night of 15th although not forecast was an absolute cracker - Milky Way beautifully clear across the sky. So although M11 is quite low and was past the meridian by full darkness on both nights, I was able to acquire decent data and here is the result. Luminance 17 x 5 minutes, RGB each 8 x 5 minutes all unbinned. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Larger image

June 5th 2023 was a nicely clear day, and with some interesting sunspot groups was worth attention with my ailing Solarview50. The prominences and spots showed up well, although the spots look more like they do in a white light image, and as can be seen by comparison with the professional image taken around the same time, some of the surface features, notably filaments and flaring, are not being picked up at all. Solarscope have promised to have another look at my telescope later this year - they are extremely busy at the moment. Fingers crossed, two previous attempts have not fully resolved the tuning problem. Full size colour image

Again Astronomical twilight on a clear night of 24th May 2023, BUT a type 2 supernova had been spotted in Messier 101. I hadn't imaged this galaxy since 2006, but of course notwithstanding the lighter sky and low surface brightness the supernova had to be imaged! It was discovered on May 19th by Japanese astronomer Koichi Itagaki. At that time it was magnitude 14.9, but in this image, nearer Mag 11. So here is the result. QSI683 on RC10. Luminance 11 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes, all binned 2x2 Full size

NGC5466 in Bootes is an ancient mag 9.5 globular cluster. The bright blue stars are what is known as 'blue horizontal branch stars' which in their late stage of evolution are fusing helium rather than the usual hydrogen. Although I only had a short period of Astronomical twilight early on 22nd May 2023, a good clear night beckoned, so I imaged this interesting target. Rather poor seeing so the stars are slightly bloated, but the blue stars are well shown. The small galaxy to the right is magnitude 15.8 PGC50187. QSI 683 on RC10. Because of the short 'window', Luminance only 10 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes, all binned 2x2. Note to self - perhaps another go at this next April! Full size

At this time there is a galaxy competition running on Stargazers Lounge. Without repeating some earlier images I didn't have much to offer, although I did enter my Hickson 68 shot from April (below). I don't really expect it to win, but I also wanted to enter a shot of M81 and M82 in the same frame - they would fit nicely in the field of view of my SharpStar 140. The weather did not play fair until 9th May 2023, by this time into Astronomical twilight, but a nice clear night, so this is the result. M82 of course is an active galaxy with huge hydrogen outbursts, well seen in my image from 2012. M81 also has some active regions, so in addtion to the usual RGB colour channels I also captured Hydrogen-alpha. So two versions are presented here, one standard RGB, one with the Ha added. QSI 683 on SharpStar140. Luminance 13 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 mins, Ha 9 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. The faint fuzzy area just above M81 isn't 'noise', it's the very diffuse dwarf galaxy Holmberg IX (UGC 5336) magnitude quoted between 14.4 and 16.5, rather lost in the twilight glow. I might repeat this combination next Season when I will have time to expose unbinned in a fully dark sky for finer detail, possibly also with Galactic cirrus. RGB Full size RGBHa Full size

After seemingly endless cloudy skies, the weather relented for a short time on May 9th 2023 and I was able to try my ailing Solarview50 again with GPCAM3 camera. It's so close to being ok, but to get this image it was at the absolute maximum of tuning travel, and only just captured the prominences. Also I feel that the surface details are not as contrasty as before the damage. That might be partly due to the slightly hazy conditions. But a lot better than nothing! Full Size

This season is probably the worst yet as can be seen from the dearth of recent images. No less than four very bright Aurorae were clouded out. The week commencing 17th April seemed very promising with three clear nights forecast. Indeed the early evening skies were beautifully clear, but as soon as the Sun set, clouds rolled in from the North sea on an Easterly wind. Eventually a clear night on 24th April but with a 23% Moon in the West. Nevertheless the relative height of my chosen target gave me a worthwhile image. There was a galaxy competition running on Stargazers Lounge, so I wanted to try something I'd never imaged before, and went for the Hickson 68 galaxy cluster in Canes Venatici which includes NGCs 5350, 5353, 5354, 5355, and 5358. The wider field of my SharpStar 140 included the nice spiral of NGC 5371. Thin high haze and slight mist later hence the halos round the brighter stars. Several other background galaxies can be seen. QSI 683 on SharpStar 140. Luminance 9 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. My last chance for this type of image before twilight Summer nights arrive. Full Size

As I said in my offering below I rarely image the Moon. But typically we've had two clear nights on the trot with the very bright Moon near my current deep sky target. And when you consider how much less hassle it is to get a few minutes of Moon instead of hours for deep sky it seems daft not to make use of the opportunity! I particularly wanted to get a reasonable shot of the interesting Schröter's Valley area, not visited for many years, so I set to on both 2nd and 3rd of April.   Much better seeing on 2nd, so the (full size) disc is presented here along with an enhanced double sized clip of Schröter's. Full disc a mosaic of 3 image sets. Altair GPCAM3 (mono) on SharpStar 140 refractor. At my location in the lee of the Pennines the seeing is rarely stable. Maybe next time round my 10" RC will be on the mount and I'll give it a go for some close ups. I don't think I'll try for a full disc - it would need a huge mosaic! Full size Moon (1.1MB)   Schröter's a bit over shadowed, so another look on 3rd, this time a 'Region of Interest' image so a lot more subs, but seeing not so good. But here it is, again double sized, for completeness.   Click on the thumbnails for full size Schröter's.

Unusual for me, I rarely image the Moon now. But 27th March 2023 was a gorgeous day after weeks of cloud, in the early evening the Moon was high and bright and seeing quite good, so I couldn't resist it. And wanted to see how my almost new SharpStar 140 would cope with the bright Moon. Which I think you'll agree it has done so admirably. This is a mosaic of two images, each the result of stacking 25 from just over 100 frames using my monochrome GPCAM3. The full size image is 700Kb but well worth a look for fine detail. 'Mouseover' the medium size image for names of numerous features. Full size

NGC3338 is an attractive 10.9 magnitude spiral galaxy in Leo, usually overlooked in favour of its nearby famous and brighter Messier list neighbours. But worth a look as shown by this excellent Adam Block image. A much awaited clear night on 14th March initially looked promising, but reflections between snow on the ground and moisture in the air which eventually formed freezing fog, allied to poor seeing to spoil contrast and detail, producing a rather disappointing 'noisy' image. But this season has been so poor that anything is better than nothing! QSI 683 on RC10. Luminance 2 x 10 mins + 6 x 15 mins, RGB each 1 x 10 mins + 4 x 15 mins, all binned 2x2. Full size

IC 2574, 'Coddington's Nebula' in Ursa Major is often overlooked in favour of its well known neighbours, M81 and M82, only 3 degrees away. But this distorted galaxy is worth a visit. With a stated magnitude of 10.2 one would expect it to be quite bright. But it is also large in the sky, 13.2 arc-minutes for the long axis, and with a consequent low surface brightness is not the easiest of targets. This season has been among the worst ever here in NE England, but two clear nights on 13th and 14th February 2023 gave me an opportunity to capture this elusive object. I say 'clear', but on both nights there was thin haze, indeed freezing fog cut the second night short! So a lot of data was needed to minimise the background noise. This is the result of 23 x 10 minutes Luminance and 12 x 10 minutes each RGB, all binned 2x2, QSI 683 with SX AO unit on RC10. Full Size

My previous attempt on Comet C 2022 E3 ZTF on 16/17th January (below) was plagued by light pollution. But I had high hopes for later in the month when it would be higher and further North away from my polluted Eastern Sky. Sure enough around 2 am on 28th Jan. it was brighter, the head easily visible in binoculars and 'almost' visual, nicely situated just North of Kochab! So I took 30 subs of 90 seconds with my Canon 700D at ISO 1600 on TS65 quad refractor. But despite messing around for ages with various settings in DSS, MaximDL and Photoshop a clean version of the very faint long tail has eluded me. So this is a combination of various attempts, and there is still a hint of diagonal streaks from stars. But I've spent enough time on it. North is up. I think the answer as some appear to have found is a fairly short exposure with a very fast large aperture instrument. Larger size

Lynd's Bright Nebula 878 also catalogued as Barnard 35 and containing other catalogued objects, Ced 59 is the small bright area to the left of the main dense cloud, is situated in Orion, about 3 degrees ENE of Betelgeuse. I'd previously seen images of this target taken from dark areas with wonderfully clear skies such as New Mexico. But as often, seduced by its beauty, I decided to have a go anyway in cloudy old NE England! With this result. QSI 683 wsg on TMB 105 refractor with Starlight Xpress AO unit and Baader filters. Luminance 16 x 10 minutes, RGB each 10 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2 over three nights, final data from 22nd January. Full size

Comet C 2022 E3 ZTF is a very long period comet, with an approximately 50,000 year period. So last seen a very long time ago! Nicely placed high in the sky, except that in mid January although a nice clear night it was hanging in the East where I have light pollution from the Tyne Valley. 9 x 2 minute subs at ISO 3200, darks and flats with modded Canon 700D on TS65 quad on early 17th January . Processed in Deep Sky Stacker and Photoshop. Clearly the light pollution created a lot of noise when stretched. More subs might help a bit. And I didn't get the angle right to capture more of the tail even though it is very faint. Must do better! In 10 days or so it will culminate due North at 66 deg altitude for me around 4 am, and is forecast to be brighter. So another late night if the weather gods are kind. Larger image.

I first attempted the very faint HFG1, PN G136.3+05.5 in Cassiopeia at the November Galloway Star Party 2022. Discovered in 1982, full name Heckathorn-Fesen-Gull 1. Such an interesting target, so I persevered with it and despite the awful weather recently I've managed to acquire more data. I used a different off-axis guide star than for Galloway, so had to start again from scratch. Bicolour, Ha and OIII. SII was pretty well negligible so ignored. Eventually I managed 23 H-alpha and 22 OIII 20 minute subs over a number of nights, some crisper than others. QSI 683 on SharpStar 140 refractor with TS2 flattener and Starlight Xpress AO unit. Last batch on 16th-17th January 2023. That set slightly compromised by extra sky glow due to snow covered ground. I also then collected data for the background stars, an image consisting of 5 x 2 minutes each IR, Red, Green and Blue. So I used Steve Cannistra's method mainly to process the two colours, along with a bit more juggling, in particular using StarNet++ to remove the stars. Then added the RGB image for stars. And this is the best I can get. My skies here are simply not dark and clean enough to get the best of this very faint target. But c'est las vie! HFG1 is moving relatively quickly so the bow shock wave is clearly visible as is a tail of Hydrogen gas. The smaller planetary nebula is magnitude 14.3 PK 136+ 4.1 Full size

But although lower in the sky than below, in the early hours of 8th December (starting at 0454) Mars was occulted by a Full Moon. Cloudy earlier, but cleared by 0230, so I was able to get set up. Still poor seeing, so I settled for using the Sharpstar again. A 7.9 Mb mp4 file with music is here.

Click here for a small file size (392 Kb) video

Because I took the video as a series of 1 second sequences and linked them together to produce the final video, each sequence contained approximately 25 individual frames. The relative movement between the Moon and Mars in each sequence was very small, so I was able to process individual sequences to produce clearer defined stills. Here are 'before' and 'after'. Mars enhanced in Photoshop. Click on the thumbnail for full size. If you look closely at Mars you can see the change in surface markings due to the rotation of the planet - approximately an hour elapsed between the two images. This image appeared in the February 2023 Astronomy Now Gallery

In early December 2022 Mars made its close approach of this apparition to Earth. Not as large as 2020 (around 17 arc-secs) but higher, approaching 60 degrees altitude for me. Closest approach was on 1st December, unfortunately that coincided with a continuous spell of cloudy weather. But 6th December was a clear night. Seeing was poor, and this image was taken with my GPCAM2 colour camera and 2.5x Powermate on my Sharpstar 140 telescope. Enlarged to twice size. Click on the thumbnail for full size (not much bigger!) The excellent Mars Previewer program image is here for comparison.

My venerable TMB105 telescope unfortunately got water between the triplet elements in early September (2022). When dried out there were watermarks on the internal surfaces. I didn't know where to start dismantling it, but was very fortunate in meeting the much respected optician Es Reid while at the September Kelling Heath Star Party, and he kindly agreed to look at it. Duly posted to him (I didn't have it with me) and returned a couple of weeks later on 18th October beautifully clean and perfectly collimated. 1000 thanks, Es. The usual cloudy weather prevailed, although the occasional glimpse of stars confirmed the collimation. But the night of 29th October was clear later in the evening long enough for me to image the bright (mag 6.4) open cluster NGC 1647 situated between the 'horns' of the Bull in Taurus. QSI 683 on TMB105 with SX AO and TSFLAT2. Luminance 9 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes, all unbinned. North is up, vertically framed to obtain a suitable off-axis guide star. Larger size

On 25th October 2022 there was a partial Solar Eclipse visible over the whole UK. Maximum eclipse for me was at 10:56 BST (9:56 UT) with the Sun 30% eclipsed. But there was a lot of cloud about. With brief breaks I was able to line up and focus my (still somewhat ailing) Solarview 50 with GPCAM3 camera, but it was not until 11:35 BST that I was able to get a steady sequence of images, by which time the eclipse was well advanced. Still a bit hazy but better than nothing. Fully clouded shortly afterwards! Larger image

The bright open cluster NGC7789 in Cassiopeia is known by the popular name of 'Caroline's Rose' after its discovery in 1783 by Caroline Herschel. I've already imaged this twice before, here in 2016 and here in 2010, but it seemed a suitable target properly to test my new SharpStar 140 refractor with RGB filters. An attempt while at Kielder was disappointing - I think due to poor seeing and a tricky off axis guide star (2 stars in the guide frame), but on returning home the evening of Friday 30th September was beautifully clear, and I was able to capture images with a better guide star before the clouds returned later. So this is the result of 10 x 2 minutes luminance and 5 x 2 minutes each RGB, all unbinned with my QSI 683 camera, TS FLAT2 and SX AO unit. Full Size

The emission nebula Sharpless 115 in Cygnus shows an interesting variation of colours with narrow band imaging. This started out as a Hubble Palette (SHO) image and with various colour manipulations nicely differentiates between the main nebula to the left, a broad strip of Hydrogen Alpha emission to the right and the smaller Sharpless 116 to the right, also classified as a planetary nebula PK 85+4.1. The data was captured over a number of nights, initially during the Kelling Heath Autumn Star Party (19th - 25th September 2022) and finished off during a stay at Kielder the following week. The small open cluster towards the top of the main nebula is Berkeley 90. QSI 683 on SharpStar 140 with TS FLAT2 and SX AO unit. Luminance 22 x 10 minutes, OIII and SII each 11 x 10 minutes. All binned 2x2. Full Size

I submitted the above image to Astronomy Now but it was never used. But in the September 2023 issue there was a similar (but larger area) image of the same object as Image of the Month. Nick Szymanek commented that it 'is a little off the beaten track but will be getting much more attention'. So I am somewhat miffed that mine wasn't used. The main difference is that their image hardly showed any stars, the gas clouds being given priority. So I've reworked mine accordingly and here it is a sort of in between version, liked by members of Stargazers Lounge! Well, I agree it's prettier, but for example the open cluster Berkeley 90 is not so clear and many other stars are missing. If any one has an opinion on this, please email me. Full Size

Sharpless 124 is an emission nebula in Cygnus. Although there was a bright (86%) Moon in the sky on 13th September 2022, it was nicely clear and the target was near the zenith, so worth a try with narrow band filters. And my new SharpStar telescope was sitting there asking to be used! The target itself is relatively small, but lying in an area of nebulosity so worth imaging with the larger field of view of the big refractor. There was almost no OIII or SII emission, so this is an SHO palette modified with selective colour adjustments in Photoshop. Luminance 10 x 10 minutes H-alpha, OxygenIII and SulphurII each 5 x 10 minutes. Full size

This open cluster, IC 4756 in Serpens is large (40 arc-min) and bright (mag 4.6) but not often imaged, probably because it's an IC object. But a binocular target as well as suitable for wide-ish field imaging. As it happens on the night of 27th August 2022 I already had my TMB 105 (4", 650 mm fl) refractor on my mount, so took advantage of the first clear night for ages to image this object. Fairly low and past the meridian, so not much time for capture, and I lost 9 subs at the start of the session - wrong spacing for the flattener, and didn't notice the edge distortions when originally focusing - oops! But ended up with 9 x 5 minute luminance and 4 each x 5 minute RGB, all unbinned with my QSI 683 camera. Might go for a bit more data, but I doubt it will make much difference. And the even bigger and brighter IC 4665 is in the same area, so worth a visit before the year progresses much further. IF I get another clear night in time! Larger image

I imaged the ancient globular cluster Messier 56 in 2003 But have never revisited it until now! The night of 4th May 2022 was beautifully clear, but running out of dark sky for the year. Nevertheless although at first there was a 22% crescent Moon it was well separated from M56 and there was plenty of Astronomical twilight either side of full darkness. So I decided to image it. In Lyra, so rising in the East at this time of the year. Because of the clear air the usual light pollution in my Eastern sky was very low, but the 'seeing' was poor, so despite a bright guide star allowing me to operate the SX AO unit at 0.1 second frames, resolution was limited. I will certainly try to revisit the target in early Autumn when it will be much higher in the sky. QSI 683 on RC10. Luminance 14 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes, all binned 2x2. To use a suitable guide star, the cluster appeared towards the bottom of the vertical image frame, so it has been cropped accordingly. Full size

Mercury passed near and South of M45 at the end of April 2022. Generally cloudy weather in NE England at that time, but the evening of 29th April was clear although with a lot of moisture in the air, and as luck would have it, Mercury was at its closest to M45. I had a clear view of a low Western horizon, and was able to capture the attached. Canon 700D with Canon 400L lens (400mm fl) at f 6.3. Stack of 15 x 4 second subs at ISO 800. North is up, so the horizon is tilted by 30 degrees. As you can see when it was dark enough (22:19 BST) to show the brighter stars of the Pleiades, Mercury (4 degrees altitude) was fast sinking into horizon murk! Sod's law kicked in on 2nd May, so the even more interesting view that evening of both objects with a thin crescent Moon in a straight line parallel to the horizon was clouded out. Larger image

On 14th April 2021 I imaged Messier 60 and it's attractive neighbour galaxy NGC 4647. And was fortunate in having the image published in Astronomy Now. April 2022 was pretty well a disaster month - although unseasonably dry, the high pressure systems that kept away the rain also contained considerable cloud, so a very disappointing end to the galaxy season at my latitude. However the night of 27th April promised a few hours of clear sky and I was all set to do some imaging when I was advised of a supernova in NGC 4647. SN 2022hrs, discovered by amateur astronomer Koichi Itagaki on April 16. The discovery magnitude was around 15, but continued to brighten. I was able to acquire 8 x 10 minute luminance frames but only 1 each RGB before the clouds returned. And this is the result. I was able to use the colour information from my original image, and the supernova colour from the single RGB frames. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. When I examined an individual luminance frame it was apparent that the magnitude of the supernova was in the region of 11.6. When you consider that the listed magnitude for the entire galaxy is 11.4 it is apparent that the supernova almost completely outshone its parent galaxy. Must have been quite a sight for any being living in that galaxy! Full size

And here are full size crops before and after - the supernova is unmissable!

I expect most of us have marvelled at the recently released JWST alignment evaluation image. The telescope is really starting to show that it is worth the billions spent on it. There are a couple of good Youtube videos - one from NASA here, and a well presented one about the alignment process here. Worth watching! It identifies the subject star - a relatively nondescript star in Draco. In fact the guy is quite dismissive of it. But as a challenge I looked it up, in Skymap anyway it is listed in the Tycho catalogue as mag 10.96 TYC 4212-1079-1. And yes, pretty unremarkable. Interestingly it is only 50 arc-minutes South of the Cat's Eye nebula, NGC 6543.     So before this little star fades into distant memory, I thought I'd have a go at imaging it on the night of 26th March 2022. A few nearby objects also annotated here. Luminance 9 x 5 minutes, RGB each 4 x 5 minutes all unbinned. QSI 683 on Meade 127 refractor with TSFLAT2 and SX AO unit.. At that 950 mm focal length of course there is no detail possible of the Cat's Eye. But little TYC 4212-1079-1 is not forgotten. North is up. Also interesting and a demonstration of how powerful the JWST is with its massive 6.5 metre mirror by comparing its image with the one from my 0.127 metre refractor. Larger image

NGC 3198 is a magnitude 10.2 spiral galaxy in Ursa Major, nicely situated for imaging in the early Spring. With some faint scattered areas and unusual dusty patches, although quite small in the sky nevertheless it is a very interesting target with a tight star like core. The night of 6th March 2022 was beautifully steady and clear. Due to testing other equipment I was unable to start imaging this target until after midnight, so was short of time. But more data was obtained on the night of 25th March. Therefore this image consists of 9 x 10 minute and 10 x 15 minute Luminance subs binned 2x2, and RGB each 4 x 15 minute subs binned 2x2. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Full size There are numerous tiny background galaxies in this image. I have identified several of them in this full size image.

A couple of years ago I came across this beautiful image of a large dusty area in Draco. I managed to identify it in Skymap, the small galaxy top centre is NGC 3147, and realised that I would need to use my 200 mm Canon lens with my QSI camera. On April 21st 2020 I managed to obtain 12 sub frames of 15 minutes each binned 2x2. But despite the long exposure time I needed extensive processing to see any detail, and with no colour left it for another time. Indeed forgot about it!

But when I briefly owned the Altair 294C CMOS one-shot colour camera I tried again, this time at the Galloway star party on 28th February 2022. This time despite taking 19 x 10 minute subs I failed to get any useable detail of the nebulosity, but good star colour and a hint of nebula colour was visible. So I managed to combine it with the QSI image with this result. Still not what I was hoping for, but I am at Galloway again in early 2023, and hope then to take further advantage of the very dark sky to revisit the target, this time with my QSI camera. North is to the left. Full Size.

Lynd's Dark Nebula 1357 is in Cassiopeia, and so is well situated from my location. The only image I found of it was beautifully clear, but after starting my own imaging run I realised that it must have been taken in much cleaner and darker skies than mine. It has proved a bit of a beast! But hopefully worth the effort. QSI on TMB105 refractor with TS2 flattener. 4th Nov. 2021, Luminance 9x15 mins. 29th Jan. and 6th Feb. 2022, Luminance 9 x 20 mins, RGB each 6 x 20 mins, all binned 2x2 Full size

Following the successful launch, deployment and insertion into its L2 orbit of the James Webb Space Telescope, I was looking for coordinates for the telescope's position,and came across this page. So I decided to have a go at imaging this wonderful telescope in the hope that there is enough sunlight reflecting from the heat shield to show up as a star in an image. I was set up to image LDN1357 (above) with my QSI683 camera on my 4" TMB 105 refractor. But while the Moon was up (6th Feb) I had an hour to play (I'd been out earlier). Got 6 x 5 minute images unbinned with 5 minute intervals between each image, and this monochrome gif is the result. Much cropped from the original frame of course. Look for the faint moving dot a little below centre. The upper of the two bright stars is TYC 763-29-1 in Canis Minor, so you will be able to find the location in a planetarium program. As usual click on the thumbnails for (slightly!) larger images.  This image shows the trail with all the frames overlaid and brightness increased. Very faint, around mag 19 or 20, but undoubtedly James Webb - the coordinates match those given on The Sky Live site.

NGC 2276 mag 11.3 small spiral galaxy lies just on the border between Cepheus and Ursa Minor, and indeed is only 4 degrees from Polaris. So from my 55 deg North latitude it never gets lower than 51 degrees altitude. Although there was a 30% waxing Moon on the evening of 7th January 2022, the sky was very clear so I decided to try for some data before clouds arrived around midnight. One or two problems with power and focus, but I managed to get just enough data for this image. QSI683 on RC10 with SX AO, 10 x 10 minutes Luminance, RGB 4 each x 10 minutes all binned 2x2. This galaxy is distorted by the proximity of elliptical galaxy mag 11.1 NGC 2300, more information and a Hubble Space Telescope image here (opens in a new window). Because of the location of the galaxy, I should have an opportunity for a full night's data this season, and will try unbinned, hopefully to improve fine detail under stable conditions. 'Mouse over' the medium size image (click on the thumbnail as usual) for information on the several distant galaxies also in the image. North is up. A session on 27th January gave 13 good unbinned Luminance images which marginally improved the final image. Larger Size

The faint molecular clouds MBM (Magnani-Blitz-Mundy) 7 and 8 are situated in Aries, relatively easy to locate because the mag 12.4 galaxy NGC 918 is 'buried' in the lower MBM 8 section. But very faint needing long exposures and dark clear skies. Unfortunately something in very short supply this winter. I need more data - only limited opportunites were available in early December and with passing clouds and haze over two nights of imaging (1st and 6th December 2021) I only managed 9 useable Luminance and 3 each RGB subs, all 15 minutes binned 2x2. So had to get rid of a lot of noise, with consequent loss of fine detail. I still hope to get more data but the weather forecast is extremely unpromising for the next week or so and then the Moon will be back! So this may have to do. As well as NGC 918, clearly visible in the lower section, mag 12.5 NGC 932 is lurking in the top left corner, with Arp 276 (13th mag NGC 0935 and IC1801) about 1/3rd down the left hand side. North is up. QSI683 on TS65 Quad telescope (420mm fl). Several more Luminance files on 5th January 2022 only slightly improved the details - again there was thin background haze, and snow covered ground added to the background brightness. So enough is enough! Full Size

Alas my beloved Solarview 50 is back in the Isle of Man while Helmut wrestles with getting it set up at its best after it was damaged several months ago. But now that the Sun has started to wake up after the long minimum this show on 17th December 2021 was too good to miss. So on with a white light filter on my TS65 Quad and an avi (used 30 frames of 74) with my GPCAM3 mono. It was just after noon, so the Sun was almost at its highest, but still very low at less than 12 degrees altitude. And in thin haze. But worth a go and a bit of tweaking in software got this result. Full Size.

Comet C/2021 A1 LEONARD brightened nicely towards the end of November 2021, and was due to pass near the interesting galaxies NGC 4631, the 'Whale' and NGC 4656, the 'Hockey Stick' on the night of 24th. Rising late and not at a decent height until after 2 am, but the forecast was for clear sky, so I set up my Canon 700D camera on my Meade 127 refractor with TS FLAT2 field flattener. The sky did clear beautifully, but unfortunately there was a bright 73% mag -11 waning gibbous Moon. But while waiting for the comet to reach a reasonable height, I decided to have a look at the wonderful bright Orion Nebula Messier 42. With this result, rather 'noisy' because of the moonlight, but worth keeping, it is a combination of different exposures to bring out the bright trapezium area. 5 ISO 800 subs at 2 minutes, 9 at 30 seconds and 5 at 10 seconds. Just a bit of fun really - there is a far superior image from 2010 here. Larger image

Then on to comet LEONARD. Again because of the bright moonlight (the Moon was a little over 50 degrees from both targets) difficult to reduce noise, particularly for the fainter target. In this case 9 x 5 minute ISO 1600 subs. As for M42 processed with Darks and Flats in Deep Sky Stacker, but using the clever system to align on both the comet and stars. It doesn't always work, but this time was successful. There is a good image of the galaxies from 2009 here. Larger image. For this and M42 because of the 'noise', not full size - no point!

Drumroamin Farm, near Wigtown in Galloway, Scotland is the home of the Stargazers Lounge Star Parties, and is noted for its particularly dark skies. I attended for the first time in November 2021. Yes, the skies were dark, unfortunately this time moisture laden which led to a very heavy dew fall and a loss of clarity and contrast. Nevertheless I set my sights on the faint molecular cloud MBM56 in Pegasus. This image is the result of 11 x 15 minute Luminance subs and 6 each 15 minutes RGB on 3rd. November. All binned 2x2. Unfortunately the lack of clarity meant that really a lot more exposures would have been required to reduce the background noise. But this will have to do unless I get a very clear night at home. Or next year at Drumroamin! Full Size

4th November 2021 also at Drumroamin started out clear and again moisture laden. But with cloud forecast later I settled on a much easier target the large bright open cluster Stock2 in Cassiopeia. Same optics as MBM56, QSI and SX AO unit on TMB105 with TS FLAT2. Luminance 10 x 5 minutes, RGB each 4 x 5 minutes. All unbinned. More data would have been nice, but the forecast clouds rolled in. Weather deteriorated markedly the next day, with high winds forecast, so although booked for another two nights, I left for home towing my small caravan - didn't want to get blown about! And anyway the weather didn't clear again. Looking forward to next year! Larger image

Buried in the mass of Milky Way stars within the Swan asterism of Cygnus lie a couple of NGC clusters, 6883 and 6871. They can be seen off centre left and right in this image, although 6883 is well lost amid the myriad background stars. I imaged this mainly out of casual interest - a nice target for my QSI camera on TS 65 refractor. But was interested to see tendrils of dust, particularly around the periphery. There was some high thin cloud during the imaging session on 30th October 2021 and I had to scrap some sub frames, but of course the dark areas didn't move! Luminance 14 x 5 minutes, RGB each 7 x 5 minutes, all unbinned. Larger image

This took a few weeks with all the cloudy weather at the start of the imaging season in August 2021. But at last the two nights of 6th and 7th September finally let me finish data collection. IC1396 was riding high in Cepheus at the time, crossing the meridian almost overhead for me, so although some subs were taken during Astronomical twilight , being narrowband they haven't suffered too much. This is a mosaic of two images with my QSI 683 on TS quad 65 (420 mm fl). 20 minute subs needed so quite a lot of time. In the end Ha was two sets of 10 subs. OIII and SII two sets of 6 subs, all 20 minutes each, all unbinned. So total exposure time 15 hours. Plus of course time spent messing around realigning the camera etc. for each session. This image is mapped HOS to RGB, with some colour tweaking to produce the blue area. I tried a number of different processes, but this was considered to be the most pleasing! Larger image The iconic Elephant's Trunk nebula (VdB142) is featured of course, and also imaged in close up here.

On 10th June 2021 there was a partial Solar Eclipse in the UK (part of an Annular Eclipse over the Arctic). Like many others in the UK I was clouded out for much of the time. But managed a bit of Hydrogen-Alpha as well as white light. so here are a couple of the former, one combined with a longer exposure to capture prominences. Solarview 50 with GPCAM3 178M. The upper image, shortly after first contact, was timed at 0910 UT, larger image here.   The lower at 1117 UT, larger image here. Nothing particular in the few white light images, so not presented.     It was cloudy for the maximum eclipse, but also like others I was able to use a consumer camera - TZ70 on full 30x optical zoom to get a shot or two through the clouds. Cropped from the original.

Towards the end of January 2021 I had an accident with my Solarview50 Ha telescope which detached the etalon thereby needing repair in the Isle of Man. They had an awful time fixing it - the etalon plates just would not go back together. Until they tried replacement spacers - most unusual for them to be damaged, and then the magic happened. I got the 'scope back on 8th June, just in time for the partial eclipse on 10th, (guaranteeing full cloud cover!), but no decent clear spells. 9th June a bit better, and some definite action so I decided to go for an image with my GPCAM3. And when I stretched things, I found what might be a coronal mass ejection, certainly clouds of gas thrown a huge distance from Sunspot AR2831 - the furthest section is probably at least 200,000 miles out. Lucky strike! NASA Solar Observatory image here. As you can see that was captured at 12.08 UT, my image was at 12.16 UT. Slight haze so only the brightest parts captured. Full size

NGC's 3226 and 7 are a pair of interacting galaxies in Leo, magnitudes 11.4 and 10.4 respectively. 3227 is the larger of the pair. As can be seen the interaction has thrown out faint tidal tails of stars around the galaxies. I imaged them on 21st March 2015, but overlooked posting this on my web site until now (May 1st 2021). Better late than never! QSI683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 17 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. North is approximately up. Full size

It's many years since I imaged M51 - the last time was in 2011 shortly before a supernova was discovered, and then the supernova itself. This last week or so with all the clear nights I've been catching some fainter objects. But the night of 16 April was yet again clear so I decided to go for an easier target and since it was almost directly overhead had a go at M51 despite the crescent Moon in the West. With this result. QSI683 with SX AO unit on RC10. Luminance 11 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. . Full size    But there's more to M51 than meets the eye as witness this heavily stretched version. Obviously that will need much more data to lose the heavy background noise. but it's interesting to see how far out the faint extensions go. It'll have to be next year now.

The Siamese Twins, also known as the Butterfly Galaxies interacting pair in Virgo is seperately identified as (upper to lower) mag 12 NGC4567 and mag 11 NGC 4568. The galaxy at the top of the image is mag 11 NGC4564, and the tiny one at the bottom, mag 14.4 IC 3578. Yet another beautifully clear night on 15th April 2021 - the 5th out of seven. I need an early night! But I'll have managed 6 nights imaging this month which although limited time as Summer approaches has helped to make up a bit for the generally terrible season. QSI683 camera with SX AO unit on RC10 truss. Luminance 14 x 10 minutes. RGB each 5 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2 Full Size

Yet another clear night on 14th April 2021! Making up for time lost this season and not to be wasted, but relatively short periods of darkness late at night. Sleep deprivation looming large! Elliptical galaxies are generally pretty nondescript objects to image, although of course they are amazing things usually containing billions of stars and a huge black hole, believed generally to be the result of galaxy mergers. Messier 60 (NGC4649) is a large magnitude 8.8 elliptical galaxy in Virgo, and this is the first time I've imaged it - I'd overlooked it as a run of the mill elliptical. But when I saw a Hubble image I realised that it has an interesting neighbour, magnitude 11.4 spiral galaxy NGC 4647. It's not certain whether the two are interacting, or the spiral is further away from us, but they make an interesting pair. The edge on galaxy in the bottom right corner is mag 11.1 NGC 4638. QSI 683 with SX AO unit on RC10. Luminance 12 x 10 minutes, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2. Full size This image appeared in the June 2021 Astronomy Now Gallery Later, Supernova 2022hrs, April 2022

Although in general this season has been very disappointing the Arctic air high pressure system in early April continued to provide clear skies albeit with limited imaging time with the approach of twilight nights. The night of April 12th 2021 was again clear and I was able to capture data for this image. Messier 61 is a slightly distorted face on mag 9.3 spiral galaxy in Virgo. I have imaged it a couple of times in the past, the most recent being in 2007 but it was long overdue for a repeat visit to capture the fainter outer areas. This is one of the largest galaxies in the Virgo cluster and very active with several supernovae observed in recent years. QSI683 with SX AO unit on RC10. Luminance 14 x 10 minutes, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2. The camera was actually rotated 90 degrees to provide a suitable guide star, so the image is cropped for a more pleasing North up view. The medium sized full image is available here. The other two notable galaxies (from right to left) are mag 12.9 NGC 4301 and mag 12.2 NGC 4292. Full Size

This group of galaxies in Coma Berenices is known as the Box Galaxies, Hickson 61. It consists of four relatively faint components. Starting with the long blue one and moving clockwise they are 12.7 mag NGC 4173, 12.2 mag NGC 4169, 13.5 mag NGC 4174 and 13,4 mag NGC 4175. What looks like a fuzzy red star near the right hand end of NGC 4174 is a tiny galaxy, PGC (LEDA) 213947. NGC 4173 is not believed to be part of the group, just a chance alignment and nearer to us than the others. The remaining easily seen galaxy towards the right edge is mag 15.1 UGC 7190. I got a small amount of data on the night of 10th April 2021, but clouds soon moved in. However the following night cleared nicely around 11.30 pm (BST) and stayed clear, and I was able to collect more data. So this image consists of Luminance 13 x 10 minutes, RGB each 7 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Despite the reasonable number of exposures, because of the faintness of the target quite a lot of noise appeared. I was tempted to go for more data the next night which again was clear (!), but it had been such a lousy season that I decided to move on to another target. The magic of digital processing has I believe given me a satisfactory result. Full size

The mag 10.5 edge on galaxy NGC 5746 in Virgo is quite low for UK observers, but worth attention particularly because of it's similarity to big brother NGC891. The night of 9th April 2021 was forecast to be clear, but as is the way of things it wasn't free of clouds until almost midnight, so 1 1/2 hours of imaging time lost. Then a couple of problems lost another half hour - a mysterious extra diffraction spike appeared on the first couple of images, so I stopped the run and searched for a source. A floating bit of tape (from the secondary dew heater lead) was removed and that seemed to do the trick. Then I refocused before continuing. So a little short of data but happy enough with the result except for the substantial glow from the nearby 3.7 magnitude 109 Virginis. Dark nights are soon history for a few months, I may revisit this season, but with different framing to lose that bright glow. Or crop the image. Or just leave it as it is for artistic effect! Anyway, QSI683wsg with SX AO unit on RC10. Luminance 11 x 10 minutes, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2 Full size

Early April 2021 saw several days with a blast of Arctic air which brought some clear skies. The night of 5th April started off with excellent conditions, unfortunately by shortly after 1am on 6th clouds had moved down from the North ending my imaging run (as usual click on the thumbnail). It would seem that the clouds did not affect the South of England until the night was over So they would have had a good session. Sod's law!

Fortunately the following night of 6th was again forecast to be clear, and this time stayed that way and I was able to return to the previous night's target of NGC 5363 and associated galaxies in Virgo. Unfortunately some thin cloud part way through the night caused the scrapping of several sub frames, nevertheless I collected enough altogether to produce a satisfactory image. QSI 683 camera with Starlight Xpress AO unit on RC10. Luminance 16 x 10 minutes, RGB each 8 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. Full Size A nice range of galaxy types. Clockwise from top right the individual galaxies are: NGC 5356 mag 13.0, NGC 5360 mag 13.6, NGC 5317 mag 10.4, NGC 5363 mag 10.5. North is approximately up.

I first came across the interesting magnitude 10.5 galaxy NGC 4274 in Coma Berenices when browsing Skymap Pro in early March 2021 for proposed targets in that area already on my 'Must do' list. The Skymap image shown here immediately made me think 'Saturn Galaxy' and I resolved to try and image it.

Unfortunately as has been the case most of this season, the weather did not play fair, and a couple of aborted sessions followed, completely ruined by haze and clouds although a short clearance on 21st March allowed me to collect the star field around NovaCas 2021 below. But eventually the night of 3rd. April started out clear, and I was able to proceed. Even though the sky appeared clear, and I had a full 6 hours of imaging time, disappointingly many of the earlier subs had unexpectedly high background levels probably due to thin haze and I had to discard more than half of them. So ended up with Luminance 11 x 10 minutes binned 2x2, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes binned 2x2. QSI683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. I may try for more good data if given the opportunity over the next week or so, but the twilight nights of Northern Summer are fast approaching! Full size

A Nova in Cassiopeia was confirmed as a 'Classical' nova following its discovery by Yuji Nakamura of Japan on 18 March 2021. Coordinates (epoch 2000) were confirmed as RA 23h 24m 47.73s, Dec +61° 11’ 14.8”. The star was not shown in Skymap Pro, but I located it in Stellarium at a magnitude of 14.4 I was able to collect some data on 21st March with this result. Cropped to put the pink-ish coloured nova in the centre of the image. The other two bright stars are magnitudes 6.6 and 9.1, so it would appear that the nova is in the region of magnitude 7.5. Quite a bang! QSI on RC10. A bit of a mix up with the hurried exposures, no flats or darks, but came out ok! Larger image This image appeared in the May 2021 Astronomy Now Gallery

NGC 2506 is a bright (mag 7.6) quite dense open cluster in Monoceros. I first imaged it in 2020, but at a larger field of view so thought it worth a revisit. Low for me, never rising above 24 degrees. The night of 16th March 2021 was promising although with a young crescent Moon. A little late in the year, already past the meridian when the sky was dark enough, so low in the haze and the stars are slightly blurred. Not a focus problem, just down to sky conditions. But by keeping the exposures short I didn't saturate the stars so was able to show the colours and am reasonably satisfied with the image. QSI683 on RC10 with SX AO. Luminance 15 x 2 minutes, RGB each 8 x 2 minutes, all binned 2x2. Full size.

6th magnitude open cluster NGC 1746 in Taurus contains two other classified open clusters, NGCs 1750 and 1758, but it would appear that 1746 is the dominant. Quite large at about 50 arc-minutes. I could have gone for a close up, and may yet, but there is a fainter open cluster nearby, NGC 1802, this is to the far centre left of the image, so to get both in the frame I used my 420 mm focal length TSquad refractor. As can be seen, both the clusters are quite loose. Data obtained over two nights, 11th and 13th March 2021. The target was well towards the West limiting my imaging time - I would have preferred to image it sooner in the year, but the weather did not play fair! QSI683 with SXAO. Luminance 10 x 5 minutes, RGB each 7 x 5 minutes, all unbinned.  Larger image (1.26MB)

What a dreadful season! Notable for rain, snow, sleet, wind and a serious lack of dark moonless nights. I had not been entirely happy with my image of 9th magnitude Messier 85 in Coma Berenices from March 2020 which was imaged in very poor seeing conditions, and resolved to try and improve it. The poor weather led to a number of attempts with this final result, using data from the nights of 11th February and 13th March 2021 along with colour data from the original image. A slight improvement, and probably the best I can hope for. The more interesting spiral galaxy is magnitude 10.9 NGC 4394 and the faint small galaxy to the right of M 85 is magnitude 14.8 IC 3292. QS 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Full size

December 2020 and January 2021 had a succession of cloudy nights with very few clear periods. The night of 21st January however was crisp and clear. Unfortunately for deep sky imaging there was a first quarter Moon doing the usual searchlight thing! It's several years since I imaged the Moon other than during eclipses, but decided to do that rather than nothing! The monochrome Altair GPCAM3 nicely encompasses the Moon when on my 420 mm focal length TS65 Quad refractor. So here is the result. Stacked from 30 of 100 frames and cropped square. The medium size image (click on the thumbnail) has several craters named. Full size

Although there was a bright Moon in the sky, the air was nevertheless very clear, so I decided to try for the 'Seagull' nebula, IC2177 in Canis Minor. This emission nebula is well suited for the use of narrowband filters, being particularly bright in Hydrogen-alpha, so worth a try. Also the large target needs a wide field, and the QSI 683 on the TS65 was just enough to cover the vast majority of the gas cloud. But it is very low in my sky, never rising above 24 degrees, so imaging is limited to an hour or so either side of the meridian. Unfortunately it clouded over before I was able to capture any more than 9 Ha images, and only one on 23rd January, so for now this is the monochrome result. But looking promising - plenty time this season to acquire more data if the weather plays even remotely fair! 10 x 10 minute Ha subs binned 2x2. QSI683 with SX AO unit on TSquad. Full size The weather didn't improve much over the next few weeks, but I eventuually got more data on 11th February. So this final image consist of 14 x H-alpha , 4 each OIII and SII, combined HOS. All 10 minutes binned 2x2. Plus 10 x 5 minutes Luminance and 4 x 5 minutes each RGB all binned 2x2. Full Size

A dreadful winter season so far, but on January 8th (2021) there was a clear-ish night when I was able to complete the colour data for NGC3079 in Ursa Major.  All details here. Full size

NGC 2419 is a globular cluster in Lynx. Quite small and with a magnitude of 10.3 relatively insignificant. Until one takes into account that it is 300,000 light years distant both from Earth and from the centre of the galaxy. Almost twice as far away as the Magellanic Clouds. So in fact it is large and intrinsically as bright as such well known clusters as Omega Centauri, and its popular name of 'Intergalactic Wanderer' is richly deserved. Because we generally view these distant objects in only two dimensions it's particularly interesting to note that the distance for the bright star nearest to the cluster in this image is given as 313 Light Years. So although they appear to be next to each other, the cluster is almost a thousand times further away! As I mention below, on 21st December after the clouded out closest approach of Jupiter and Saturn for the Great Conjunction, the sky cleared around midnight. The Moon had set, so I was able to get the data for this target. QSI683 camera on RC10 telescope with Starlight Xpress AO unit. Luminance 15 x 5 minutes, RGB each 9 x 5 minutes all binned 2x2 Full size

The  Great Conjunction  Every 20 years Jupiter and Saturn line up in our sky, forming a 'Great Conjunction', albeit being millions of miles apart in their orbits. Most times they are reasonably close, but on 21st December 2020 they approached within almost 6 arc-minutes of each other in line of sight. Very close indeed, in May 2000 they were approximately 70 arc-minutes apart, and in November 2040 they will again be separated by approximately 70 arc-minutes although a dawn event. The next really close conjunction is in March 2080 when the separation will be around 6 arc-minutes, but that will be essentially a daytime event in the UK It is 400 years since they were so close, and 800 years since such a close approach was visible in a dark sky. Indeed for me, the best time was to be at the onset of Astronomical twilight, around 4.30 pm GMT.  BUT As is unfortunately so often the case, the weather here in NE England which had been very poor for several weeks as witness the dearth of images at the moment, did not look as though it would be clear. And indeed much of 20th was cloudy. Nevertheless, it relented for an hour or so from 4 pm and I was able to locate the planets and take photographs before the clouds moved back over. Not the closest approach, but still very close at 9 arc-minutes. So here are a wide angle shot (including the Moon, unfortunately slightly out of focus) and 4x zoom with my Panasonic TZ70, and a close up with my Altair GPCAM2 on my 10" RC telescope with an Astrophysics CCDT67 reducer enabling both planets to be on the sensor together. Larger wide angle Larger 4x zoom  Very low in the sky as you can see (8 degrees above the horizon) and with a lot of turbulence - very poor 'seeing', so lacking in any fine detail. The close up of the Moon was taken with the same optics as Jupiter and Saturn and they are superimposed to give some idea of scale. This (GIF) video clip shows the effect on Jupiter of the poor seeing conditions and low altitude. The forecast for 21st was dire as for 22nd, and both proved to be correct, so no more images. But it's rather ironic - 400 years since the last time they were so close, and my sky on 21st cleared completely just after midnight. Only 8 hours out after 400 years - Sod's law in spades! However it would seem that most got a glimpse at some time over the three day period. I doubt if I'll be around for the next one (I'd be 97!) and anyway 70 minutes will be hardly worthy of attention after witnessing 9 minutes!

I first imaged the bright open cluster Messier 50 in Monoceros in 2004, and it was long overdue for a second look.  The Autumn of 2020 was beset with bad weather, but a clear night was forecast for 21st November. M50 is low in the sky for me and I had to wait until the early hours of 22nd before I could start imaging. But it was worth it in the end! I first did a set of binned images, but reverted to unbinned - binned was overly saturated to obtain good star colours. QSI on RC10. Luminance 11 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes. Larger image

Sharpless 188 is a large (9 arc-minutes) diffuse planetary nebula in Cassiopeia. Fortunately it responds well to imaging with a Hydrogen-alpha filter. Because this Autumn has been an almost total washout for deep sky imaging. Hardly any clear nights, and most of them limited by passing clouds. Fortunately Mars was around in all its glory and easily imaged in moonlight and between clouds, but deep sky imaging was pretty well a no no. So the image of NGC6940 on 22nd August was my first of the season and I had to wait until 27th October when I was able to collect enough data on Sh188 to make a start. Again I had to wait until 3rd November for enough to construct this image. Even so, although narrow band filters were used, since both nights were moonlit the fainter extensions to the North are barely discernible and the 'noise' level is higher than I would like. I may try for more data when there is no moonlight, but with so few opportunities that may have to wait until next year. QSI camera on RC10 telescope, HOS as RGB. Ha 17 x 10 minutes, OIII and SII each 9 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. Full size

In the Autumn of 2020 Mars approached the Earth at its best in a number of years for my latitude (see 2016 report). For some reason, I suspect because of my location in rolling country in the lee of the Pennines I hardly ever get skies stable enough for imaging planets which require considerable magnification. But I had to go for it! So this image was obtained in the early hours of 18th September. At the time of imaging (0335 UT) the diameter was 21.32 arc secs. Imaged with an Altair GPCAM2 colour camera on my 10" RC telescope (2000 mm focal length). I used a 3x Televue Barlow to magnify the image. For this and the following images, multiple frames were selected and stacked using Registack 6. Click on the thumbnails for the full size images. There is an excellent free stand alone program, 'Mars Previewer 2' which shows features on Mars at any date and time. Click here for this particular view, but for information of the various features, I strongly recommend you download and install it - hovering the mouse over the live image will name numerous features. Information and download can be found on the internet here Unfortunately the installer doesn't want to work on Windows7 or above. Yet it's on my W7 computer - I wish I could remember how I installed it! IMPORTANT I've now (2022) managed to install Mars Previewer on my W7 laptop. Just needed a missing Windows DLL file to be added when copying the existing installation. So if anyone wants to use this very nice program, email me. My email on the 'Latest' page.
Cloudy weather intervened but the night of 1st-2nd October was clear and crisp. So I took several sets of images over a few hours. Nevertheless because of turbulence only one set was worth keeping and that is this one from 0001 UT on 2nd. Again GPCAM2 colour on RC10 but this time with a Televue 2.5x Powermate. Because of the lower magnification the original image was smaller than that above, so I have increased its size to compensate for the difference. At this time the diameter was 22.47 arc-secs. The very prominent feature is of course Syrtis Major. Mars Prevewer image here.
There is another venerable free program giving a graphical image of Mars (and other planets) - Meridian. It does install on later versions of Windows, but doesn't name features. Nevertheless useful. I've put the 'meri487.exe' installer on my web site here. This is the installer I used, and my anti virus program has never objected! Sample image (Syrtis Major)     BUT, lest we forget. The readily available free 'Stellarium' does an excellent job, also naming features, the only slight drawback being the extra time the program takes to load and set time etc. Here is a sample crop from a screenshot. click on it for a larger image.
Again some cloudy weather but the night of 9th-10th October was clear for a short while and I was able to capture several sets of images. Again only the best is presented. Quite turbulent sky with a weather front approaching, so difficult to pull up detail. The maximum altitude for me during this apparition was approximately 40 degrees, so decently high, which of course helped to improve the seeing despite the poor sky conditions. Mars Prevewer image here.
Because Mars' rotational period is 24.6 hours, a very similar view is presented from night to night, only changing slowly. I still didn't have a full view of the distinctive Sinus Sabaeus. In order to capture that particular 'face' of Mars when still a reasonable size following conjunction on 8th October I had to image it early in the evening when still quite low in the sky, or wait until it appeared when high in the sky, by which time it would be getting smaller as it moved away from Earth. Weather conditions were consistently bad, and although a brief clear sky opportunity arose on 22nd October, the seeing was very poor, made worse by the low (20 degree) altitude. So even extensive processing only produced a verydisappointing image, with Sinus Sabaeus right of centre. But maybe another opportunity in a week or so.... Mars previewer image here.
A more propitious night on 30th :October - clear for a while and Mars much higher than on 22nd. Still disappointing seeing - dancing around and 'morphing'. But with processing a better view of Sinus Sabeus. Mars previewer image here. In 2022 Mars will be much smaller, 17 degrees 19 seconds diameter at closest approach on 1st December. But for me nicely high, reaching 60 degrees altitude, which should allow for decently detailed images. But there is an additional bonus. On 8th December, when still 17 degrees diameter it will be occulted by a Full Moon around 4.54 am. Lowering into the West by then, but still at 29 degrees altitude. Emergence is at 5.54 am. altitude 20 degrees. Quite low so peering through thickening and possibly turbulent air, but if the weather is kind, the air is usually most stable in the hours before dawn. So fingers crossed!

NGC 6940 is a large bright (mag 6.3) open cluster in Vulpecula on the border of Cygnus and only 4 degrees from the well known Veil Nebula. But as it is immersed in a bright area of the Milky Way it is not easily distinguished from the background. The first deep sky target of the 2020-2021 season, on the night of 22nd August, but limited exposure time due to very unseasonable weather. However the sky was particularly clear for a short time, so I feel the image has sufficient clarity to be acceptable. If I have the opportunity I will gather more data. QSI 683 camera with SX AO unit and TSFLAT2 on Meade 127 refractor. Luminance 5 x 5 minutes, RGB each 3 x 5 minutes all unbinned, Larger image (1.13MB)

Comet C/2020 F3 NEOWISE graced the Northern Skies during the Summer of 2020 and for many days was a faint naked eye object, beautiful in binoculars. Unfortunately during twilight hours at my latitude, and low in the sky, almost due North. But the brightest and best comet for many years, just visible naked eye even with my old eyes, so I couldn't miss opportunities to photograph it, particularly as I wasn't doing any main imaging at the time. These were on the night of 13th July. Plagued by cloud at the darkest time (1 am Summer Time), so the ion tail to the upper left was lost in the background. Increasing the blue level just shows it, but the overall colour is wrong. I hope to try again of course. Canon 700D with 200 mm telephoto lens at f5, several 15 second sub frames combined in Deep Sky Stacker. Larger main image
For a number of days the midnight sky was disappointing, either cloudy or hazy. But the night of 19th cleared nicely with this result now showing a hint of the ion tail. I couldn't expect any better from my location - not only astronomical twilight, but low in the Northern sky - the brightest part at this time of the year. Again Canon 700D with 200 mm telephoto lens at f5, ten 30 second sub frames combined in Deep Sky Stacker. Note the 9th magnitude galaxy NGC 2841, indicated in the medium sized image (click on the thumbnail). A 2010 image of this beautiful spiral galaxy is here. Larger Size
A few more cloudy nights, then 24th was nicely clear, although as before background twilit sky, but with the comet fading as it moved away from the Sun, no longer visible to the naked eye (mine anyway!) So this was the final attempt. 8 frames at 30 seconds, camera as above. Larger Size

On its travels, comet C/2017 T2 PANSTARRS passed close by Messiers 81 and 82 towards the end of May 2020. The few days when it was close were badly affected by a deep low pressure system, so I had to make the most of any chance. The night of 22nd May was marginal for framing, but cleared shortly after midnight and I was able to capture several images before the clouds returned. so this is the result. Canon 700D with Celestron off-axis guider and TSFLAT2 (the back focus worked out beautifully!) on TMB105 refractor. 10 x 5 minute subs at ISO1600. I could of course have framed the comet lower down in the image, but that would then have missed out the little galaxy NGC 3077, poor thing. North is up. Larger image

After my effort above, I hoped to have a second crack at comet C/2017 T2 PANSTARRS in the vicinity of Messiers 81 and 82, with it better placed for the composition of the image. A number of weather forecast sites promsed clear skies on 24th May, and indeed in the early evening things were clearing up nicely. With Astronomical twilight being the best on offer I decided to image between 12.30 and 1.30 to get the darkest sky available. But when I went out around 11.30 to make a leisurely start - disaster! Solid cloud cover. It wasn't until almost 1 am on 25th (midnight UT) that things cleared enough for me to start aligning etc., so 1.15 before I started imaging in earnest, and by 2 am the sky had lightened so much that the background was excessive. So in the end I only had 7 subs to play with, the later ones with a rather light background and the combined image had a very noisy background and generally poor contrast. Much processing later and this is the result, but not what I'd hoped for. Canon 700D with TSFLAT2 on TMB105 refractor (650 mm focal length). 7 subs x 5 minutes at ISO1600. Larger image

On the night of 14th May 2020, comet C/2017 T2 PANSTARRS was due to pass very close to NGC 2633 (Arp 80) in Camelopardalis. NGCs 2634 and 2643a also very close. But all these galaxies are faint, around magnitudes 12 to 13 so would need reasonable length exposures. The weather forecast was for clouds, and for once it was correct and it did cloud over. But not before I managed to get on target and snatch 5 subs! 5 minute subs with the Canon 700D on the Meade 127 refractor, at ISO3200 to try to catch the faint galaxies. I knew they would be a bit noisy at that ISO, but had it stayed clear I would have gone for at least 12 subs, probably more. But this will have to do. Stacked in Deep Sky Stacker using the comet and stars setting, finished in Photoshop. At least I managed to capture those faint galaxies as well. 'Mouseover' the medium size image for identifications. Larger size.

I seem to have a perverse death wish at times! I see a marvellous image such as this one which was imaged with a 14.5" telescope 4000 feet above sea level in an Arizona dark sky park, and attempt to capture similar quality with a 10" telescope from my home observatory 680 feet up in North East England under semi rural skies. Well, I can't match it of course. This beautiful group of galaxies is in Virgo. The largest is NGC5566 (Arp 286, mag 10.7), NGC5569 (mag 13.7) above it and NGC 5560 (mag 12.4) to the right. The much smaller galaxy looking like a fuzzy star towards the left of the image is 16th magnitude PGC 51269. Twilight nights were rapidly approaching, but after a very poor 2019-2020 season I resolved to have a go at this, even though full dark hours were limited and quite long exposures were required for these fairly faint galaxies. First attempt on 22nd April 2020 was partly spoiled by high haze earlier on in the sequence leading to high background levels and the loss of 8 frames (2 hours worth!). Fortunately the night of 25th April was kinder and I captured enough extra subs to produce a reasonable image. Unfortunately seeing was rather poor on both nights, so the finest detail is lost. Can't win them all! QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 11 by 15 minutes, RGB each 4 x 15 minutes all binned 2x2 Full Size

NGC 5248 is a beautiful slightly barred magnitude 10.1 spiral galaxy in Bootes, particularly noticeable for the extended clouds of stars in the spiral arms. Imaged over two nights, 13th and 15th April 2020. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 17 x 10 minutes, RGB each 8 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2 Full size

During the evenings of Spring 2020 Venus (in her Hesperus persona) put on a marvellous show, high in the sky and very bright. I hadn't imaged the planet for several years, but felt I needed at least one shot. Of course without special filters the cloud top is featureless. As usual my sky was rather turbulent, so the final image on April 8th (from a video of 1000 frames) is still a bit fuzzy. Altair GPCAM2 Colour with Televue Powermate 2.5 on RC10.

The 10th magnitude edge on spiral galaxy NGC 4244 in Canes Venatici is also known as the 'Silver Needle' galaxy. This is the first time I have imaged this beautiful galaxy. At approximately 13.5 million light-years away it is relatively close to us being within the M94 1 Group (Canes Venatici 1 Group), a galaxy group near the Local Group containing the Milky Way, and so has quite a large angular size. It would almost fill this field of view if it was face on. A rare clear night on 25th March 2020 gave me the opportunity to image it. Good clarity and moderate seeing. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 16 x 10 minutes, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. This image appeared in the Caldwell Catalogue feature in April 2021 Astronomy Now magazine. Full Size

Messier 85 in Coma Berenices is a large elliptical galaxy with an extended halo of stars, and appears to be interacting with a nearby smaller neighbour NGC 4394. I had never imaged them, and a crisp clear night on 22nd March 2020 gave me an opportunity. Unfortunately the seeing was very poor - even stars overhead were twinkling, so the stars are somewhat bloated and fine detail is lacking in NGC 4394 despite using the Starlight Xpress active optics unit. Hopefully I will get another opportunity this season, although the weather has generally been very poor. The small galaxy to the right of M85 is mag 14.8 IC 3292. QSI 683 on RC10 with AO unit. Luminance 11 x 15 minutes, RGB each 4 x 15 minutes, all binned 2x2. Full Size.

NGC2506 is a dense quite bright (mag 7.6) open cluster in Monoceros. Unfortunately at my location it never rises above 24 degrees altitude, so is always seen through fairly thick atmosphere. Although the night of 10th March 2020 included an almost full Moon, it was the only clear night for several days, so I took a chance. Clouds arrived earlier, so imaging didn't start until shortly before transit, so most of the time the target was descending into thicker atmosphere which took its toll on the star sharpness. I was set up with my reducer for another target - maybe later, watch this space! And because of back focus issues couldn't use my SXAO unit which might have helped. Nevertheless with a fair amount of processing I'm reasonably happy although I feel the moonlight may have washed out some of the colours. I may pay it another visit this season without the reducer, depends on the weather! QSI 683 on RC10 with AP67. Resultant focal length 1540 mm. Luminance 6 x 10 minutes unbinned, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes binned 2x2 Larger image

The bright globular cluster Messier 53 in Coma Berenices has a fainter and much less dense globular neighbour NGC 5053. The night of 24th February 2020 was briefly clear, and in between passing clouds I was able to capture just enough data for this image. QSI683 on TMB105 refractor with SX AO unit and TSFLAT2 flattener. Luminance 7 x 5 minutes, RGB respectively 5, 4 and 3 images of 5 minutes, all unbinned. This image slightly cropped for better positioning of the targets - they were off centre because of the guide star position. This image featured in the 'Night Sky Highlights' section of April 2021 Astronomy Now Larger image

There are a number of Messier objects which are low in the sky for me. The bright large open cluster M48 in Hydra is one of these, and I had never imaged it. Although the weather at the start of 2020 was extremely unsettled, there was a clear spell forecast for the night of 4th February, so despite the presence of a bright (77%) Moon I decided to have a go, with this quite pleasing result. QSI683 on TMB105 with TSFlat2 and SX AO unit. Luminance 12 x 5 minutes, RGB each 7 x 5 minutes, all unbinned. This image featured in the Deep Sky section of the March 2021 Astronomy Now magazine, in the Clusters section of the February 2023 Astronomy Now and again in the Night Sky section of the March 2024 issue of Astronomy Now Larger image

January 2020 was effectively a no-go for imaging - a succession of low pressure systems bracketed a high pressure system which unfortunately was also full of cloud. But a four hour window on 18-19th of the month gave me an opportunity to capture this (cropped) image of Messier1. It's made up of 8 x 30 minute Oxygen III subs, QSI683 on RC10, binned 2x2. I went for it following an observation by Olly Penrice of the 'tail' at the top which had not generally been imaged, and is mainly visible with an OIII filter. I hoped to get more data to complete a colour image, but even into February the skies were disappointing, and Taurus was rapidly westering! Watch this space! Full size

More difficult than I expected, the Witchhead nebula in Eridanus has always been on my must do list, but always eluded me. Until New Year's Eve 2019 when a clear sky which had been forecast for several days actually materialised!! Although I was out at friends to see the New Year in, I was able to leave things running from around 9.30 pm with the dome drive doing it's business, and got an uninterrupted flow of images for around 6 hours starting with the target on the 'wrong' side of the Equatorial mount. Had to scrap a couple from the end of the run - too low in the sky. But this is the result of 11 luminance and 6 each RGB, all 10 minutes binned 2x2. QSI 683 on TS65 quad refractor. But as I say, difficult - it's a faint target and low in the sky for me, never rising above 28 degrees altitude so lacking in contrast. I might have another go this winter if the weather is kind for more data around the transit. But for now (and maybe for ever for me!) this will have to do. North is down to show the profile at its witchiest. Full size.

Magnitude 6.1 bright open cluster Messier 46 in Puppis has always been on my hit list, but never imaged. Until the night of 30th December 2019 which was unexpectedly clear for a few hours after many cloudy nights. M46 is very low in the South for me, never getting higher than 20 degrees, so generally hazy and disturbed, leading to a certain amount of star bloating, although the Starlight Xpress AO unit did it's best - the guide star was bright enough for 5 frames per second. Conditions were not good and I had to scrap some subs due to thin cloud, but managed to get usable 9 Luminance and 6 each RGB. All 5 minutes binned 2x2, QSI 683 on RC10. The cluster pretty well fills the field of view, but I wanted also to capture the planetary nebula NGC2438 in the foreground. All things considered I'm reasonably pleased with the result. Full size

There is another Nebula in M46, the Calabash Nebula (OH 231.84 +4.22). This is a protoplanetary nebula - a planetary in early stage of formation. It is believed to be part of M46, not superimposed.   Barely visible in my image, this is a highly stretched monochrome crop, but just identifiable when compared with Adam Block's image, which of course was taken with a 32" telescope at 9000 ft above sea level! I may return to M46 and try for some Hydrogen-alpha data to bring up the fainter parts of NGC2438 and perhaps the Calabash, but because of the low altitude it will need data from more than one night. And the way the weather has been, it doesn't look very promising.             The Hubble image is absolutely gorgeous. Click on all the images for larger versions.

No sooner said than done! As I mentioned in the cluster-comet image below I felt NGC 1528 in Perseus was worthy of a closer look. And the (following) night of 17th December 2019 was again clear for long enough before Moonrise to capture this nice cluster. So QSI 583wsg camera on 10" RC truss telescope with Starlight Xpress Active Optics unit. Luminance 12 x 5 minutes, RGB each 6 x 5 minutes. Larger image

On the evening of 15th December 2019 comet C/2017 T2 PANSTARRS was due to pass close to the bright Open Cluster NGC 1528 in Perseus. Unfortunately that evening was clouded out during the short 'window' of darkness before a bright (85%) Moon rose. Fortunately the following evening was clear, the comet was still in the vicinity of the cluster although of course not as close, and I was able to capture several images before the Moon again rose later. So this is the result of 12 x 5 minute images using the modified Canon 700D with TSFLAT2 on the Meade 127 refractor. I'd never imaged NGC 1528 before and think it deserves closer attention - at magnitude 6.4 it's certainly a binocular object. I'm surprised that Messier didn't include it in his catalogue. Larger Image

Before the clouds returned in early December 2019, the night of 1st. was also clear, so I decided (long overdue!) to revisit Messier 38 - the large open cluster in Auriga. Previously imaged in 2001 afocally with my first digital camera. How things have moved on! So this is my QSI683 on Meade 127 refractor with Teleskop Service TSFLAT2 flattener and SX AO. Luminance 14 x 5 minutes, RGB each 6 x 5 mins, all unbinned. Larger image

I'd finished M103 (below) by 10:30 pm, so changed telescopes and spent the rest of the night imaging Van den Berg 72 and nearby bright nebulae in Monoceros. The object is very low for me, never rising above 28 degrees altitude, so difficult in even the best conditions. Pretty good that particular night, and this is the result. QSI683 on Meade 127 with TS FLAT2 and SX AO. Luminance 12 x 10 minutes, RGB each 7 x 10 minutes, all unbinned. 'Mouse over' the medium image for identifications. I hope to acquire more data over the winter, but calm clear nights are always in short supply! The interesting dark tendrils of dust have been named 'The Angel Nebula', and the reddish area in which they are immersed is Lynd's Bright Nebula (LBN) 999. Larger image

Our annual autumn weekend on November 22nd 2019 at Calvert Trust Kielder was a total washout - a brief glimpse of Deneb and Vega on the Friday evening was all we saw of the sky - no more stars, no Sun during the day. Just endless heavy cloud and rain. Hope for better luck in Autumn 2020 when we are going in October. Typically after even more bad weather, the following weekend saw a dramatic change to cold northerly winds and a clear sky. So I decided to revisit Messier 103 in Cassiopeia, first imaged by me in 2003. 10 Luminance subs and 5 each RGB, all 5 minutes unbinned with the QSI683 and RC10 on the night of 29th November produced this pleasing result. Larger image

In early November 2019 I was browsing in Skymap Pro, and spotted an interesting asterism a degree or so South of M33. The human brain is quite good at seeing shapes in the stars - witness the constellations. And at first I could see a giraffe. Then after another look, a chicken! And had a bit of fun playing with images. At least I was making use of cloudy nights! Anyway, after a long period of cloud and rain, which brought extensive flooding to parts of Yorkshire, there was a nice clear sky on 18th November with a few hours of full darkness before the Moon rose. So I set to with my QSI683 on my Meade 127 refractor (950mm fl), and imaged the asterism with this result. Luminance 16 x 5 minutes, RGB each 8 x 5 minutes, all unbinned. There are a few very distant galaxies in the image, the easiest to spot is UGC 1154 near the bottom left corner. 'Mouseover' the medium star image for identifications. Near full size image.

I'd already set up image overlays using a screen shot from Skymap, so here are the results using the actual star image. I'm not sure which is the better of the two creatures - of course we already have a 'giraffe' constellation, so although I'm sure it's not a true cluster, the 'Giraffe Cluster' might be appropriate. The Giraffe is more elegant, but maybe the Chicken is a better fit. For now I'll call it the Giraffe Cluster. Click on the thumbnails as usual for larger images.   I had started a thread about this on the Stargazer's Lounge user group, and one member suggeted using an image of a velociraptor. His image didn't fit too well - most of the tail was lost, but I found another one on the 'net which I rather like. Because the star 'cluster' is really an asterism, I call this image 'Rapterism'! Well, so much cloudy weather at the time, it helped to relieve the boredom :-)

On 11th November 2019 there was a transit of Mercury across the face of the Sun. due to start at 1235, but the Sun would set well before the end of the transit. Nevertheless I hoped to catch as much as possible. Unfortunately the weather was not kind here in Northumberland, particularly at the start of this unusual event, but I managed to capture it just after the start. Mercury is the tiny black dot at around 8.30-o-clock right at the edge of the Sun's disc. An hour or so later the skies cleared nicely for a short while and I was able to get a better full disc image with Mercury about a 1/4 of the way across, just below the centreline. Then the rain arrived, and I never got another clear image. But better than nothing, since there isn't another transit until November 2032, and that will have already started before Sunrise. Full size start here, later here. Taken using an Altair GPCAM3 128M on Solarview50 H-alpha telescope. I bought this camera to replace the GPCAM2 which didn't quite cover the disc of the Sun, also the new camera has smaller pixels, so hopefully better definition - no Barlow needed for prominences and sunspots. I'd hope to get a whole sequence until the Sun was almost set, but not to be. A tiny hint of a prominence at 9-0-clock on the later image, but that's all - the Sun is in a very quiet mood at the moment!

NGC 7242 is a fairly faint (mag 12.9) elliptical galaxy, notable for being the main member of a small group of galaxies in Lacerta. The nights of 29th and 30th of October 2019 gave me the opportunity to capture enough data. Only just enough colour - clouds moved in towards the end of the RGB run in the small hours of 31st. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO. Luminance 13 out of 16 (clouds!), R & G 4, B 3 subs all 10 minutes binned 2x2. Full size image here, mouse over the medium size (as usual click on the thumbnail) for names of most of the galaxies - there are some very faint ones unnamed.

Sharpless 187 is an emission nebula situated 1.5 degrees North of the bright star Ruchbah in a star rich area of Cassiopeia, enveloped in interesting dust clouds. The emission area responds well in Hydrogen alpha light, nevertheless it is bright enough to show up nicely in ordinary RGB imaging. The data for this was collected over two nights, 5 luminance on 26th Octber 2019 before the clouds rolled in, the remaining luminance and all the RGB on 27th - a beautiful clear night all night. QSI 683wsg with TSFLAT2 and Starlight Xpress AO unit on Meade 127 refractor. Luminance 17 x 20 minutes, RGB each 5 x 20 minutes, all unbinned. North is up. Larger size

I imaged the bright open cluster Messier 52 in Cassiopeia in 2005, but it was due for a revisit. The night of 7th October 2019 was forecast to be very clear, and so it was. There was a bright Moon, but that set shortly before 1 am local  time, and I was able to capture this image with Cassiopeia high overhead. QSI on RC10, Luminance 10 x 2 minutes, RGB each 5 x 2 minutes, all unbinned. Larger size

NGC7510 is a fairly bright (mag 7.9), compact open cluster in Cepheus, quite pretty with the curving string of stars. Often imaged as part of the much larger emission nebula Sharpless 157 - 'The Claw' nebula. I have an image here, the cluster is situated at the top centre of the image. A clear night on September 6th 2019 gave me the opportunity to image it. My main consideration in this image is to show the star field, but there is a hint of the nebulosity towards the lower left of this image. The general area shows a slight reddish tint due to the nebula. QSI 683 on RC10. Luminance 14 x 5 minutes, RGB each 7 x 5 minutes, all unbinned. Larger image

  

  

IC 342 in Camelopardalis is known as the 'Hidden Galaxy' because it is viewed through our own Milky Way galaxy and is obscured by clouds of gas and dust which give it a reddish hue. At around 75,000 light years in diameter it is not particularly large as galaxies go, but it is quite large in the sky - approximately 20 arc-minutes in diameter (2/3 full Moon), and if it was not obscured might be visible to the naked eye in dark skies. I first imaged it in 2006, but felt this wonderful face on spiral deserved another visit. The night of 31st. August 2019 was particularly clear with a decent interval of fully dark sky, so gave me the opportunity. QSI 683 on RC10 with SXAO unit. Luminance 14 x 10 minutes, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. This image was Picture of the Month in the November 2019 Astronomy Now Gallery and featured in the 'Night Sky' section of the November 2022 Astronomy Now. Full size

Very few imaging opportunities over the Summer - often hazy or cloudy and of course twilight nights. But I managed to eventually get enough data to finally finish this capture of Sharpless 91. Some sunny days, but the Sun is extremely quiet, so no solar images either. Part of the much larger supernova remnant G65.3+5.7 in Cygnus, from NE England this very faint target has proved elusive, in fact has been on my list with occasional visits for a few years. But with more data on the nights of 25th and 26th August 2019, enough was enough, so here is the result. Narrow band, H-alpha 13 x 20 minutes, OIII and SII each 4 x 20 mins, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on TS65 Quad refractor. Two different colour mappings to RGB, HOS and SHO (Hubble palette), H-alpha as luminance. With the return of dark skies, moving on to easier targets! Full size HOS, SHO

The magnitude 10.8 galaxy NGC 3079 in Ursa Major is very interesting in its own right, being somewhat disturbed with a bubble in its centre nicely imaged by the Hubble Space and Chandra telescopes. But the local area is also of interest because it contains the double quasar QSO 0957+561 A/B, which was discovered in 1979 and was the first identified gravitationally lensed object. A clear night on 1st. May 2019 got me out imaging. But this image at the moment is monochrome - lack of dark sky time this time of the year, but hopefully a couple more clear nights before all twilight until August will get me some RGB data. I may also try for some H-alpha data, hopefully to show the 'bubble'. At my 55 deg N latitude, NGC 3079 transits at 89 degrees - right overhead. But I missed the best chance this year. Next February/March will be my best bet. If I get an exceptionally stable sky, I'll try again unbinned and see what transpires although I doubt my equipment and sky conditions will have the necessary definition to show the bubble. Fingers crossed! I got a small amount of colour data in April 2020, but it wasn't until January 2021 that I finally completed this image with more colour data. Although I captured some Ha in 2020, it did not show the 'bubble' so has not been used in this image. Close examination of the centre of the galaxy just shows the star which Hubble imaged sitting at the top of one of the arms of the bubble. The two smaller galaxies to the right are (top down) magnitude 15.5 PGC 28990 and mag 13.0 NGC 3073. Luminance 10 x 15 minute subs, RGB each 7 x 15 minute subs all binned 2x2 with QSI 683 and SX AO unit on RC10 truss telescope. North approximately up. Full Size This image was published in the Night Sky section of the March 2024 issue of Astronomy Now, with particular emphasis on the Double Quasar

 

 

Messier 102 in Draco is also catalogued as NGC 5866, and the naming as a Messier object has always been controversial. Be that as it may, I first imaged it in 2003 under poor conditions, only obtaining a small ill defined image. I recently determined to return, and roamed the internet looking for examples. There are of course superb Hubble images, but many others only show the core and a hint of the dust lane. However I was particularly inspired by this image from Adam Block showing the extended cloud of stars. Dark nights were in short supply towards the end of April 2019, but a run of three, although only 3 hours of full darkness on each night, gave me the opportunity before twilight nights returned for the Summer. Despite the occasional passing cloud and late night fog I managed to acquire luminance subs on 27th and 28th, and 29th gave me yet another clear night to capture colour. Of course I don't have the exceptional contrast of Adam's skies, and my telescope is a 1/3rd of the size. But I'm well pleased that I have managed to show much of the star clouds as well as the dust lane. Luminance 16 x 15 minutes, RGB each 4 x 15 minutes all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. This image appeared in the July 2019 Astronomy Now magazine Gallery  Full size

     

I initially imaged this, the Draco Trio, a repeat of a much earlier image, over 27th & 28th March 2019, and it was only when I came to process it that I realised I was slightly out on the framing - I found that I had just clipped the left hand edge of galaxy NGC 5985. With this result. Seeing was also poor for both nights, so it was my intention to redo the whole set. Fortunately a couple of clear nights, although 9th April had passing cloud but I managed some data, and 10th April was beautifully clear, so I started imaging well before the Moon set, with decent results. So now I have the positioning the way I wanted it in the first place. Seeing was also better on both nights, so improved detail. QSI683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 12 x 15 minutes, RGB each 6 x 15 minutes, all binned 2x2 . Quite long exposures needed because none of the galaxies are brighter than mag 11. NGC 5985 is the beautiful face on spiral, the centre elliptical galaxy is NGC 5982, the edge on to the right is 5981, then little 5976 near the lower right side - it was my attempt to make sure 5976 was included that led to the original mis framing. North is approximately up. Full size

NGC4449 is quite a bright (mag 9.4) dwarf galaxy in Canes Venatici, also known as the 'Box Galaxy'. Not often imaged, the preference being for its famous neighbour M51. I'd never imaged it before and decided to remedy that omission before it was too late in the season. While searching for examples I came across R. Jay Gabany's superb image. Anyone familiar with his work will know that with his high altitude observatory (4600 ft) and 1/2 metre telescope he specialises in detecting tidal streams. Indeed he found one associated with this galaxy, which made it even more of a challenge for me. Of course I don't have his superb location, equipment or for that matter pristine skies. But a couple of reasonable nights on 29th and 31st March 2019 gave me enough data to be fairly happy with my own effort which *just* shows the tidal stream in the lower left of the image to the right of the two distant galaxies. QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 23 x 10 minutes, RGB each 7 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. In my image, North is up, Gabany's has North to the left. Full size. This image appeared in the 'Deep Sky' section of the April 2020 issue of Astronomy Now and the 'Caldwell Catalogue' feature in April 2021 Astronomy Now

NGC4395 is quite a large Seyfert galaxy in Canes Venatici just on the border with Coma Berenices. Large in the sky, but actually a dwarf galaxy 'only' 14 million light years away. Thought to have an unusually small black hole at its core, so of particular interest to astronomers. At mag 10.2 it would seem to be fairly bright, but it is very diffuse with a surface brightness of only 15.4. Consequently a bit of a challenge to imagers. Rather disturbed but classified as SBm, a galaxy with one single spiral arm. It also appears to me to be slightly barred. I first imaged this in April 2009 but only monochrome. A very poor season this year (2019), but a long clear night was forecast for 7th March, so I decided to revisit this interesting galaxy with this reasonably satisfying result. QSI683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 18 x 10 minutes, RGB each 7 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2 Full size

NGC3486 is a slightly barred magnitude 10.3 spiral galaxy in Leo Minor. Very attractive with its multiple arms. The weather during the latter part of February 2019 was unseasonably warm and dry with record temperatures and some moorland fires, most unusual in February. There were some clear albeit hazy skies during this time, but they coincided with a bright Moon. Fortunately, just before the weather broke the night of 27th was nicely clear and dark for several hours, in fact the arrival of clouds coincided with moonrise! I'd been well out of action for a couple of weeks - my right hip joint was badly worn and was replaced on 9th February. But by 27th I was fairly active and able to do an imaging run with this result. Although the sky was clear, seeing was poor, so finer detail was not going to be available, and I binned all images 2x2. QSI 683wsg on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 15 x 10 minutes, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes. North is up. The small galaxy mid way between 3486 and the bright star is 15.5 mag PGC 33184. Full size

IC 426 is a small reflection nebula tucked away in Orion just above the 'belt', and generally overlooked in favour of its more famous neighbours. A rare clear night was forecast for 4th February 2019, so I took the opportunity to visit this attractive object. Orion is relatively low in the sky for me, and unfortunately I had equipment problems so did not capture as much data as I would have liked. But it will have to do for now - not much prospect of a clear sky the next few nights, and then I have a hip replacement operation scheduled which will put me out of action for a few weeks. QSI 683wsg on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 7 x 10 minutes, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2. Full size

As Orion sank into the murk, I then turned my attention to Messier 95 barred galaxy in Leo. I had captured a monochrome image in 2008, but felt it deserved some colour attention. Unfortunately data capture was cut short by cloud cover, but I got just about enough for a reasonable image.of this relatively bright object. Optics as above, luminance 9 x 10 minutes, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2. Full size

 

 

NGC2281 is a medium sized magnitude 5.4 open cluster in Auriga. As bright as the better known Auriga clusters, but not as dense. I first imaged it in 2009 as a test of my Canon 350D DSLR camera, but resolved to give it closer attention with the QSI camera in January 2019. A couple of false starts due to inclement weather, but eventually a clear night on 30th January finished the job. QSI683 on Meade 127 refractor. Luminance 14 x 5 minutes, RGB each 6 x 5 minutes,all unbinned. Larger image

 

The total Lunar Eclipse of January 21st 2019 was to be the last fully visible from the UK until 2029, so fingers were firmly crossed! Although the weather in general was very poor during December 2018 and January 2019, I was fortunate with sky conditions, and managed to image the eclipse right through to the exit from the Umbra. Unfortunately although the sky was decently clear for totality it hazed over as time progressed. Nevertheless I was able to capture a good selection of images. So here is a composite of before and after with the images in correct configuration and spacing to show the shape of the Umbra. This image appeared in the Astronomy Now magazine Gallery for March 2019 Larger image Canon 700 D on Meade 127 refractor (950 mm fl), all at ISO100 The exposure hour times and settings were: Before 0403 1/200th second Totality 0511 10 seconds After 0625 1/50th second (haze necessitated a longer exposure)

And here is a single image of Totality. This eclipse was not as bright as the previous one in 2015, and with thin haze not as stunning visually, but still a wonderful sight - a perfect demonstration of celestial mechanics in action! Larger image

Comet 46P Wirtanen passed close to the Earth during December 2018, at its closest on 16th at which time it was also near Messier 45, The Pleiades. On that day and either side of the day it would have made a splendid wide field photograph - the comet was very bright - almost naked eye. Alas the weather did not cooperate, cloudy all three nights.The next really interesting encounter was the night of 16th January 2019, when it was due to pass almost directly over the interesting polar ring galaxy Arp 336 (NGC2685\) in Ursa Major. I kept my fingers crossed for a clear sky in the small hours (Moonset was not until 4 am on 17th) and for once the sky gods smiled on me and after a snowy cold front passed through it was beautifully clear for a couple of hours. By that time the comet core was approximately 10 arc-minutes from the centre of the galaxy. I used my Canon 700D on my 10" RC scope (2000mm fl) to try for some galaxy detail with a succession of 5 minute subs - any longer would show too much movement of the comet at that focal length. And this was the result. The galaxy really needed much longer exposures, but the polar ring is just visible. Larger image
I already had an image of the galaxy from 2008 and there was enough detail and nearby stars to position it exactly in the main image. 16 x 5 minute subs, darks, flats and bias frames also used. Guided with my Lodestar on a Celestron off-axis guider. The two distant edge on galaxies in the lower part of the image are (reading down) PGC 25034 (mag 17.1) and PGC 25046 (mag 16.7) Larger image
This is an animation of 16 frames. There is a slight jump, a couple of the originals were unusable. Larger version here (2.68MB). As you can see by tracing the path back, the coma would have passed over the galaxy. A pity there was a bright Moon - if it had been New, with full darkness at 6.30 pm on 16th instead of 4 am on 17th, the comet would have been at its closest to the galaxy at the start of the imaging run and I would have many more exposures and a much longer animation.

The night of 13th January 2019 started off with broken cloud and moonlight. I needed to try an experimental setup, so occasional clouds didn't matter. But as midnight approached and the Moon lowered in the West, the sky cleared beautifully! As usual it wasn't forecast, but I had the ancient open cluster M67 (in Cancer) on my repeat list, and as it was well placed and would just fit I reverted to my normal setup and went for it - too late for the longer exposure time required for a 'faint fuzzy'. Clouded over fully around 0300 but I had enough data by then. Luminance 7 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes, all unbinned with QSI683 and SX AO unit on RC10 Truss. Larger size

     

The disappointing December weather continued into January with a static cloudy high pressure system sitting over the British Isles. But this eventually cleared with a windy night on 7th January 2019. Despite the wind, I was able to capture King 20, a pretty Open Cluster in Cassiopeia. QSI 683wsg on RC10 with SX AO unit (which compensated for the gusty conditions, although my Observatory gave good shelter). Luminance 10 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes, all unbinned. Larger size A pity I didn't capture this before Christmas. With enhancements it's a pretty Christmas Tree! This image along with the enhanced version was published in the January 2020 issue of Astronomy Now

The night remained clear for another couple of hours before clouds returned, so I turned my attention to NGC663, another bright Open Cluster, also in Cassiopeia. Same optics as King 20, Luminance 9 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes all unbinned. Larger size

NGCs 1817 and 1807 (lower right) open clusters in Taurus are named as 'The Poor Man's Double Cluster' in the Stellarium planetarium program. Quite appropriate! December 2018 was plagued with bad weather, and a couple of attempts were thwarted by cloud or very bad seeing. But Christmas Eve was crisp and clear, and despite a bright gibbous waning Moon (94% illuminated!) I was able to obtain sufficient subs to produce an acceptable image. So this is the result of 21 x 5 minutes Luminance and 11 x 5 minutes each RGB. QSI 683 on Meade 127 refractor with SX AO unit. Look for tiny 15th magnitude galaxy PGC 16865 buried near the middle of NGC 1807. Larger image

This image of the NGC691 galaxy group in Aries has proved a real struggle and a bit of a disappointment. Those who live in the North of the UK know what lousy weather we were experiencing towards the end of 2018. For me, only 3 opportunities for imaging over a month. Anyway I first attempted this on 14th November 2018. Started out beautifully clear only to cloud over after a couple of hours. Made a fresh start on 3rd December when I managed 6 Luminance and 3 each RGB subs before the clouds arrived. Then the night of 10th it was forecast to be clear all night. Turned out not to be. But I started as soon as it was dark and did get a similar batch of subs before the clouds arrived around 10.30 pm. Cleared for a little while and I started another target, but it clouded over again. So I packed it in and started processing. Sod's law it cleared again around 1.30 am, but I'd had enough by then ! Luminance 13 x 20 minutes unbinned, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes binned 2x2. QSI683 on Meade 127 (950mm fl) with TSFlat2 and SX AO unit. With that much data I'd hoped to get good detail and colour, but the seeing was never that good and there was always thin high haze. So a bit lacking in contrast etc. Enough precious time spent on a tricky subject - I've got something brighter and easier for the next opportunity! 'Mouse over' the medium sized image for identification of several objects, courtesy of Skymap Pro. The full size image is here, numerous unidentified faint small galaxies can also be seen.

NGC 7640 is an almost edge on spiral galaxy in Andromeda. Reasonably large, but faint at magnitude 11.1 Interesting in that although there are no nearby galaxies, it appears somewhat distorted. If there has been interaction it must have happened a long time ago. Although the night of 1st November 2018 was forecast to be clear, I had another engagement, and would not be home until later on so would not be able to collect much data (full dark was at 6.35 pm with Moonrise at 11.55). But I decided to take a chance on leaving the system running with the dome motor in action, and it paid off - I set it away at 6.10 and when I returned 4 hours later all was well with the telescope only slightly off centre in the dome slot. I kept imaging until an hour after Moonrise - the 34% illuminated Moon was on the other side of the sky. In the end I only had to scrap one sub frame - the very first luminance which was taken when there were remnants of clearing clouds. So I ended up with 15 x 10 minutes luminance and 8 x 10 minutes each RGB, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 wsg on RC10 truss with SX AO unit. Full size This image appeared in the October 2020 issue of Astronomy Now, Night Sky section, page 78. Fortunately AN notified me that it had been used, but wrongly attributed to Frank Colosimo.

NGC 488 in Pisces is an unusual galaxy, mag 10.4 and quite small at 5.4'x3.9' with very tightly wound spiral arms. I'd seen an image by Adam Block, which as usual is excellent, and prompted me to have a go. But relatively low from NE England and proved difficult in mediocre seeing on the night of 17th October 2018 to tease out detail. Anyway, QSI 683wsg on RC10 with SX AO unit. Luminance 12 x 10 minutes, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes all binned 2x2. Lots of distant background galaxies. Rotated 90 degrees to give correct orientation and cropped from the original. Full size.

I first imaged the globular cluster M15 in Pegasus in 2008. But decided to revisit it in October 2018. The nights of 9th and 10th were forecast to be clear, and indeed they were, although a bit hazy. But the seeing on 9th was the worst I have ever seen from home, so that was a no go. Still pretty poor on 10th, but just good enough to try for the bright cluster. I would have liked better seeing and more exposures before the haze worsened, but this will have to do for now, certainly a considerable improvement on the 2008 effort. QSI 683 on RC10 wth SX AO unit. Luminance 11 x 5 minutes, RGB each 4 x 5 minutes, all binned 2x2. This image appeared in the December 2018 Astronomy Now magazine Gallery and in the September 2020 issue Full size

     

LDN 1235 is a dusty area in Cepheus. I hoped to capture it earlier in September 2018 at Kelling Heath, alas conditions did not play fair at all. But unexpectedly on the night of 17th September at home the sky cleared well for a few hours after midnight and I was able to collect a reasonable amount (tho' not enough - there's never enough!) of data before the sky started to lighten. I still wasn't entirely happy with the result, and when a clear night came along on 6th October I collected a completely fresh set of data over a longer period, and processed it without using any of the earlier data where I suspected a slightly misaligned camera. The popular name of the Dark Shark is pretty obvious! A bit of fun - an animated GIF here shows a basking shark image overlay. QSI 683 on TS 65 quad. Luminance 16 x 10 minutes, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2 Full Size

  

After a run of very poor nights both at home and at Kelling Heath, the night of 14th September 2018 gave me a few hours of good clear sky in the early hours. So as I knew Comet Giacobini-Zinner was approaching Messier 35, I decided to have a go. It was actually going to pass right across M35, but in mid morning - I wonder if anyone elsewhere in the world captured the passage. I started imaging around 1:30 am local time, but the target was very low at only 18 degrees altitude. Also in the East which is my worst light pollution area, looking towards Newcastle upon Tyne. So I waited, and eventually was satisfied with 10 frames around 4 am when the comet was at 40 degrees altitude, at which point the clouds arrived. So here is the result. Canon 700D on TS65 quad. 10 frames at 3 minutes and ISO1600. Processed using a combination of Deep Sky Stacker, MaximDL and Photoshop. The small very old cluster to the lower right of M35 is of course NGC 2158, with IC 2157 further to the right. Larger size. This image appeared in the December 2019 Astronomy Now Deep Sky section.

  

As the Summer moved on into early August 2018, I started casting around for an object to image which could be captured in the short periods of full darkness. And settled on the relatively faint (mag 9.5) dense open cluster NGC 6791, riding high in Lyra. Unfortunately a long period of high pressure and attendant heatwave and clear nights had ended, replaced by a succession of cloudy nights. I managed to capture a small amount of data on the night of 10th while also trying for Perseid meteors, but had to wait until 21st to finish off - by then hampered by a bright gibbous Moon. But managed to collect sufficient subs that night before the clouds returned. So this result consists of Luminance 11 x 5 minutes, RGB each 6 by 5 minutes, all binned 2x2, QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. The cluster is much studied because although considered to be perhaps one of the oldest in our galaxy at around 8 billion years old, it is also surprisingly rich in 'metals'. This image appeared in the November 2018 Astronomy Now magazine Gallery and in the June 2019 issue article on Lyra. Full Size

  

The Perseid meteor shower of 2018 was forecast to peak on the evening of 12th. August. But the forecast for that night was so dire I decided to try and capture some on the night of the 10th which was beautifully clear. So set up my Canon 700D on my Star Adventurer and let it run 30 second images for a couple of hours, using a switch in the bulb control socket and set for multiple exposures. ISO 1600, 17 mm Tamron lens at f3.2. Patched in the individual trails to a composite of 8 subs. The final result is a bit disappointing but better than nothing - I didn't eyeball any meteors at all.

 

During week commencing 24th June 2018 I was fortunate in being on holiday during all the lovely clear Summer weather. Staying at the Tewkesbury (Gloucestershire) Caravan and Motorhome Club site, from where there was a good view of Tewkesbury Abbey tower, and each night Venus was seen passing above the tower. So I decided to try and photograph it. The night of 26th June was suitable, so I attempted to capture a photograph when Venus was above the weathervane, and indeed succeeded. No tripod, so I positioned the camera on a wooden railing - I had to chock the front up with a stack of coins to get the required framing, and use the 10 second timer to avoid camera shake! Time 2137 UT.

But then I realised that if I changed position and waited a couple of minutes, Venus would appear lower and closer to the Tower. And more by luck than judgement I got Venus peeking through the tail of the cockerel on the weathervane. Time 2140 UT. Larger size. For both images, Camera Panasonic TZ70. Exposures 0.625 seconds at ISO 400 and f5.6, zoomed to equivalent 35 mm focal length of 172 mm

The night of May 13th was nicely clear, but only a small handful of targets were bright enough to visit in twilight. I decided to revisit the globular cluster Messier 53, previously imaged in 2005, but not very 'deep'. Seeing could have been better, but still a reasonable image so worth including here. QSI683 on RC10 with SX AO. Luminance 9 x 5 minutes, RGB each 4 x 5 minutes, all binned 2x2 Full Size

   

At my 55 degree latitude, as Summer approaches and twilight nights are here, I have to give up on galaxies. To be fair in early May I still have an hour or so of full dark, but not for much longer - astronomical twilight rules, and that only for a few more weeks. So until the narrow band Milky Way targets get cracking in July/August, I'm rather limited for choice. But on 6th May 2018 I spotted a pretty and quite bright (mag 7.8 ) open cluster NGC6939 in Cepheus which I first imaged in 2007, and then only monochrome. So decided it deserved a revisit. Not worried about bringing up very faint fuzzy areas, so relatively easy to process and no problems with sky glow noise. QSI 683 with SX AO unit on RC10 Truss. Luminance 8 x 5 minutes, RGB each 4 x 5 minutes, all binned 2x2. This image appeared in the July 2018 Astronomy Now magazine Gallery  Full size There is a remarkable coincidence in the positioning of the brighter stars around the edge of the cluster. They remind me of the main constellation stars in Auriga. So I set them up in Skymap and removed everything but the brightest stars. And click here for the result - Skymap star locations superimposed on my image. Mouse over the image to see the Skymap image. Absolutely no fiddling with the spacing of the stars other than getting the Skymap image to the same scale. Five out of the six brightest Skymap stars are in almost identical positions, and a slightly fainter star for the sixth. Indeed without the accurate overlay of Skymap you would think the relative spacings were identical!

 

This fairly small mag 10.8 galaxy, NGC 3642, nestles in the bowl of the Plough/Big Dipper. I saw an image of it by Adam Block, here and thought it would be an interesting target. But WHY do I let myself get sucked in by images with a 24 inch (and later 32 inch) telescope 9000 feet above sea level in Arizona, when I am using a 10" telescope 680 feet above sea level in North East England? Generally doomed to failure. Because of the onset of twilight nights, it was going to be my last galaxy image of the season, at least faint ones anyway, so I bashed on under the few clear moonless nights remaining. At least the weather was kind that week. Needed a lot of data for the faint outlying areas, and with generally moderate to poor seeing - the jet stream had been right over us for some time, the finest detail was not to be. But lots of tiny distant galaxies also captured. QSI 683 on RC10 Truss telescope with Lodestar X2 and SX AO unit. Luminance 39 x 10 minutes captured on 14th, 17th and 18th April 2018, RGB each 7 x 10 minutes on the 20th. All binned 2x2. Full size. I guess we UK imagers must do what we can when we can!

NGC4535 is a beautiful barred spiral galaxy in the Virgo cluster. Quite bright at mag. 9.8, but with very faint outlying areas, not so easy. Coincidentally featured in April 2018 Astronomy Now Sky Tour section, but they used an ESO image! I say coincidentally because I started this project on 8th March 2018 with some mono data. Then more mono on 20th March, a smidgen of colour on 24th March, the rest of it on 14th April. Shows what a dreadful Spring season it was that it took me over five weeks for one image!! Anyway, this is the result. Luminance 27 x 10 minutes, RGB each 7 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI683wsg and SX AO unit on 10" RC Truss. Even with all that Luminance data, still a bit lacking in detail, but hardly surprising - the seeing was dreadful for several weeks with the Jet Stream practically overhead. Some patchy colour noise as well - IF I get another chance I might try for more colour. But my dark skies are rapidly disappearing for this season. This image appeared in the June 2018 Astronomy Now magazine Gallery and the Deep Sky section of April 2021 Astronomy Now  Full size

 

I first imaged M64 in 2005 with my Artemis 285 and Mirage 8. The 'Blackeye' galaxy in Coma Berenices, and well named! No flat frame then, and I was always a little unhappy with it. So I reckoned it was worth a revisit. And after all the snow, ice and clouds the weather relented on March 7th 2018, so before the Moon rose too high I squeezed in just enough data to be worth processing when added to a few frames collected on 16th February. QSI 683 on RC10 at f8 with SX AO unit. Luminance 11 x 10 minutes unbinned, RGB each 4 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. Cropped a little from the original to show North up - the camera was rotated 90 deg. to get a suitable guide star. Larger size

 

Holmberg 124 galaxy group in Ursa Major consists of four galaxies - the large magnitude 10.9 NGC 2805, and the three closely grouped, from left to right mag 12.5 NGC 2820, tiny mag 14.5 IC2458 and mag 13.5 NGC 2814 Although 2805 is mag 10.9, it is diffuse with a low surface brightness, and I soon realised that long exposures were required to bring up the faint areas. That also has shown up a number of tiny distant galaxies - you need to look hard in the full size image! Taken over the nights of February 12th, 13th and 15th 2018, the final tally of subs being Luminance 1 x 15 minutes plus 13 x 20 minutes, RGB 5 each x 20 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI 683wsg on RC10 with SX AO unit. Unfortunately mediocre seeing every night, so not as detailed as it might have been. Full size

 

This is the first image of 2018 - into the second month - what rotten weather we had - mainly cloud, but to add insult to injury, when clear a very bright Moon. If you thought SH171 below was big, here's a monster! Situated at the top of the main Orion asterism (that's Betelgeuse and Bellatrix at the bottom of the image), Sharpless 264 spans a whopping 6 1/2 degrees. That's the equivalent of 13 full Moons. If one assumes a distance of 1500 light years, that makes it 170 light years across! I started trying to capture this in December 2017, but was constantly foiled by cloud. Eventually I managed to get some data on 21st. January and the rest on 6th February 2018. QSI683 on Canon 70-200L zoom lens at approximately 85 mm focal length. 13 x 20 minutes H-alpha (for luminance and colour) plus 5 x 20 minutes each OIII and SII. But very little colour in the latter two, so I've used H-alpha in the Red channel. Often known as the 'Angel Fish' or 'Alien Face'. Larger image

 

This is Sharpless 171 and its little friend SH170. A very large (around 3 degrees square) emission nebula in Cepheus, well placed for the lovely clear night on 27th December 2017 which although well moonlit allowed narrow band filters to do their job. I've messed around with colour quite a lot, but I think the monochrome stands up pretty well on its own. So here are both. Colour started off as the Hubble palette SHO for RGB.  Incidentally the boundary between Cepheus and Cassiopeia passes right across 171, so 170 is in Cassiopeia. QSI 683 on Canon 70-200 f4 L zoom lens at 200 mm, with external mask to stop down to approx. f6 for crisper stars without 'starburst' diffraction spikes. Ha 16 x 20 minutes, SII and OIII each 5 x 20 minutes, all unbinned. Larger images: Monochrome, Colour The colour image appeared in the February 2018 Astronomy Now magazine Gallery  I also imaged SH171 several years ago with my Artemis camera, but only monochrome, here. More recently a closer look here. Also more recently a close up of Sharpless 170, here.

 

Van den Berg 31 is a fairly small reflection nebula in Auriga, but is associated with dark nebulae Barnard 26, 27 and 28. Also a much fainter dusty area stretching to the West. The night of Dec 18th 2017 started off with thin cloud, but eventually that cleared allowing me to capture enough data to produce a reasonable image albeit with poor seeing and limited contrast. But I had to go for it - lousy weather forecast here for the rest of that week and the Moon waxing. QSI 683 on TMB105 with TSFlat2 and SX AO. Luminance 10 x15 minutes, RGB each 4 x 15 minutes, all unbinned. Larger image Adam Block has a superb image here. With of course the 32" Schulman at 9000 ft. in Arizona. Still, might be worth a closer look with my 10" RC. It will have to be an exceptional night, but there's plenty of time yet. Watch this space...

The night of December 17th 2017 saw me imaging the area containing (in order left to right) Sharpless 232, 235, 231 and 233 emission nebulae in Auriga. Quite faint, needing long exposures, and predominantly Hydrogen-alpha. So this is a composite Hubble Palette SHO. QSI on TMB105 with TS Flat 2 and SX AO. H-alpha 16 x 15 minutes, OII and SII each 5 x 15 minutes, all binned 2x2 Full size

 

There is an interesting area of bright and dusty nebulae in Monoceros a couple of degrees West of the well known Cone nebula, containing a number of catalogued objects. I've called it IC447, but as you can see there are several alternatives! Much of the large blue area bottom right is also catalogued as Collinder 95. All names from Skymap Pro. Mouse over the intermediate sized image (click on thumbnail as always) for the identifications. I obtained the luminance data on the night of 27th November 2017, but had to wait until the night of 11th December for the colour data - other targets intervened ;) QSI 683 on Meade 127 refractor with TS Flat2 and SX AO. Luminance 10 x 15 minutes, RGB each 5 x 15 minutes, all unbinned. Larger size

Looking at the image, the right hand figure reminds me of a 'Triffid' - the one from the book and film 'Day of the Triffids', not of course the sometimes mis spelled Trifid nebula, M20. Triangular base and long 'neck' with the stinging head on top. The author John Wyndham's sketch. Pity I can't call it the Triffid nebula - that would lead to even more confusion!

With clear (cold!!) nights weekend of 2nd December 2017, but a Moon around I went for a narrow band image of the interesting Sharpless 132 in Cepheus. And found that I already had a substantial amount of H-alpha data from 2016 which had never been taken further - no colour. So incorporated that in my image. Hubble palette (SHO). H-a 17 x 15 minutes, SII and OIII each 10 x 20 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on TMB 105. Full Size

NGC2174, 2175, 2175S and IC2159 are all lumped together in Sharpless 252 in Orion. The Monkey's Head nebula is well known, and fairly bright, but I'd never imaged it before, and with very clean sky forecast for the night of 29th November 2017 it was on with the narrowband filters and get cracking. The North East coastal area clouds didn't clear until 11 pm, but after that it was all go. Despite an 82% illuminated Moon, the sky was so clean and steady that in conjunction with the filters all went very well. QSI 8300 with SX AO on Meade 127 (950 fl) refractor. SHO 'Hubble palette'. Luminance and Green, H-alpha, 9 x 15 minutes. Red and Blue respectively SII and OIII each 5 x 15 minutes. All unbinned. Processed mainly in Photoshop, using Bob Franke's method for colour. Displayed with North down - the usual orientation for this subject. Larger image

LDN 1551 is a dusty nebula in Taurus with the bright nebula SH239 at its heart. Imaged on 26th November 2017 with the QSI 683 on the Meade 127 refractor with the usual TSFlat2 flattener and SX AO unit. Luminance 14 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes. All binned 2x2 Full size

The weekend of November 17th saw a group of us at Calvert Trust, Kielder. Only one night was clear, Saturday 18th, but it was clear all night (and very cold and frosty!) There appeared to be a slight haze reducing clarity and contrast. So LBN 534 in Andromeda proved difficult to really show the nebulosity - so many stars! The bright cluster on the right edge towards the top is NGC 7686. Larger image. Luminance 13 x 15 minutes unbinned, RGB each 5 x 15 minutes binned 2x2. QSI683 and SX AO unit on TS65 quad and EQ6 mount

Later that night when I had enough data for LBN 534 I had a short session on NGC752, also in Andromeda but further East. Previously imaged with my Artemis 285 in 2006. Very long exposures not necessary for this large and relatively bright cluster, so a straightforward run. Luminance 8 x 5 mins, RGB 4 x 5 mins, all unbinned. Larger image. Same setup as LBN534

The night of 16th November 2017 was beautifully clear most of the night, and gave me the opportunity to image NGC672 (the upper) and IC1727 magnitudes 10.7 and 11.4 galaxies in Triangulum, generally overlooked in favour of the nearby huge Messier 33. The small distant edge on galaxy near the centre of the image is magnitude 16.3 PGC1803573. The two other distant galaxies at the top left corner are PGC 1811565 mag 17.2 (upper), and PGC 6632 mag 15.87 (lower). A 'fuzzy' star to the left of 672 is another one, PGC 1801703 mag 17.54. It is thought that the larger galaxies are interacting, certainly IC1727 is very disturbed. QSI 683 camera with SX AO unit on RC10. Luminance 4 x 10 minutes plus 10 x 15 minutes. RGB each 5 x 15 minutes. All binned 2x2. This image featured in the 'Deep Sky' section of the October 2021 issue Astronomy Now magazine. Full size

LDN1622 dark nebula is situated in Orion about 3 degrees North East of M78. The night of 29th October 2017 was forecast to be clear, but with the Moon around until after midnight, earlier targets were off limits, and anyway I was going to be out until around 11pm. So this was nicely placed for a wee small hours capture. Proved more difficult than I expected, and I will certainly try for more data over the Winter. And it doesn't help that for me it never rises higher than 37 degrees, so affected by a certain amount of light pollution and atmospheric haze, particularly in the East. Anyway this will do for now! Luminance 9 x 10 minutes plus 1 x 20 minutes (wrong setting initially!) RGB each 5 x 10 minutes. All binned 2x2. QSI 683 on TMB105 (650 mm fl, f6.2) withTSFlat2 flattener which does a great job. Enhanced using Astroflat Pro and Star Spikes Pro from ProDigital Software. Full size

LDN 673 is an interesting dark nebula in Aquila, fairly close to Altair. Relatively faint, but lots of exposure in the dark Kelling Heath sky during the Star Party in September 2017 did a reasonable job. Unfortunately I wasn't able to get enough colour data during the week, and hoped for a chance at home before it was too late in the year. So this is a monochrome image. QSI 683wsg with SX AO unit and TSFlat2 on TMB 105 refractor. EQ6 Pro mount. 19th September 14 x 15 minute subs unbinned. Larger size

Persistent poor weather and other commitments prevented me getting more colour data before the target became too low in the West. I will have to try again in 2018. But for now I have used the limited colour data I did manage to acquire at Kelling Heath on 22nd September. Red 3 x 10 minutes, Green and Blue each 2 x 10 minutes. All unbinned. Larger size

This 11th magnitude barred spiral galaxy, NGC 6951 in Cepheus, caught my attention when I saw an image showing it surrounded by galactic cirrus. So I decided to have a go. Needed a lot of data, initially I started off with 15 minute subs, but eventually added 20 minute subs. The luminance was captured in August, but I had to wait until the end of September to get some colour data. So : Luminance 26th August 14 x 15 minutes, 30th August 9 x 20 minutes. RGB 29th September each 4 x 20 minutes. All binned 2x2, QSI 683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. (North is up). I think it was worth the effort ! This image appeared in the November 2017 Astronomy Now magazine Gallery Full size

21st August 2017 saw a Solar Eclipse pass across central USA. Although totality was relatively short, around 2 min 45 secs maximum duration near the town of Carbondale Illinois, it was dubbed 'The Great American Eclipse' and was probably seen by more people than ever before. I was fortunate in joining a group organised by Omega Holidays which decided to watch from a site 'Menan Buttes' near Idaho Falls. 2 mins 18 secs, but chosen for its good weather prospects. And did not disappoint! Wall to wall cloudless sky and at the altitude of around 5000 ft. above sea level a crisp clear view. Second contact produced a beautiful diamond ring with Baily's Beads and prominences nicely visible. Canon 700D with 400 mm Canon L lens externally stopped to f 7.1 (see this description) unfiltered at 1/2000 second. Full size. We were accompanied by Pete Lawrence, Dr. Paul Abel, and the impressionist Jon Culshaw who introduced excellent presentations by the other two and was extremely entertaining!
For totality I used a range of exposures from 1/400 to 2 seconds, and combined them in Photoshop to produce this image - a pretty close representation of what was visible through small binoculars. WARNING - it is safe to use unfiltered binoculars, but only during full totality. Even the diamond ring can cause serious eye damage when viewed through optical aids such as binoculars or a telescope. Larger image - approximately half size. There are several stars visible - star identification in this larger image. This image was Picture of the Month in the October 2017 issue and also appeared in the January 2024 issue of Astronomy Now
Here is fourth contact diamond ring, again clearly showing Baily's Beads and prominences. Full size.
There were several small sunspots visible. Taken with a Solar filter of course (Baader film). Larger image
The sky was beautifully clear for the whole eclipse, so here is an animated GIF of the entire sequence. Click on the thumbnail for a medium size GIF (755KB) or here for a larger one (4.48MB)
Earthshine, often seen when the Moon is recently new, is caused by light from an illuminated Earth lighting the dark part of the Moon as viewed from Earth - the equivalent of Moonlight. It was just visible in my 2 second exposure, so I have patched it into the composite here. Larger size. It is very unusual for a particular location to benefit from totality within a few years. But in April 2024 Carbondale Illinois is even closer to the centreline than on this occasion, and will experience over 4 minutes of totality - lucky them! I may go to that one, but will be approaching 81 years of age - maybe too decrepit or even gone by then! Time will tell....

This interesting galaxy NGC 4151 (also known as ' Eye of Sauron') is situated in Canes Venatici, so nicely high at this time of year (Spring). But capturing the faint outlying areas was quite a challenge and with the limited number of clear skies I thought I might not finish it this season. But the weather smiled on me on the night of 24th April and I was able to get the rest of the colour data to add to that captured the week before. Luminance captured over two nights a month previously! So the final total was Luminance 24 x 20 minutes, RGB each 7 x 20 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI683 on RC10 with SX AO unit. The two obvious smaller galaxies are NGC 4156 (the spiral) and UGC 7188 (mag 17.1) Full size This image appeared in the June 2017 Astronomy Now magazineGallery

The 4th of April 2017 saw an interesting spot complex on the Sun, although not much in the way of prominences. This was taken using the Solarview50 and GPCAM2. The full disc is a mosaic, the spot taken using a 2.5x Powermate Barlow lens.

Jupiter was rather low in the sky even near opposition in early April 2017, but I managed to capture this on 8th. 300 frames from 1500 stacked in Autostakkert and final processing in Photoshop. GPCAM2 colour on 10" RC with 2.5x Powermate

It has been many years since I imaged the quite small but bright open cluster, Messier 36 in Auriga, in monochrome with an SX MX716 camera! So although there was a bright Moon on the night of 12th April 2017, they were well separated and the sky was nicely clear, so indulged myself! QSI 683 with Starlight Xpress Active Optics unit on RC10 Truss. L 13 x 2 minutes, RGB each 6 x 2 minutes, all binned 2x2. Full size.

Inextricably linked by a gravitational bond, Galaxies NGC 3166 and NGC 3169 in Sextans have been disrupted by their mutual attraction. Reasonably bright at 10th magnitude, but the faint clouds of disturbed stars are not so easy. My location isn't too bad, but they never get very high from here (max altitude 40 degrees) and to show them well needs seriously dark skies. But I'm reasonably happy with this image. Anyway, the night of 28th February 2017 was the best long clear spell for ages, so worth a go and very welcome after a total washout at Kielder the previous weekend. The much smaller lower right galaxy is 14th magnitude NGC 3165. Full size QSI683wsg and SX AO unit on GSO RC10 truss. Luminance 18 x 10 minutes, RGB each 7 x 10 minutes. All binned 2x2.

NGC 2169 in Orion is a small bright open cluster. Probably relatively obscure if it wasn't for its remarkable resemblance to the number 37. I'd never imaged it before, so the night of 25th January 2017 was the night, before moving on to something more challenging. Nice to go for an easy target for once . QSI 683 on RC10 Truss with SX AO. Luminance 15 x 5 minutes, RGB each 6 x 5 mins, all unbinned.  Larger image

  

This image of the Medusa planetary nebula (Abell 21 or PK 205+14.1) in Gemini was a work in progress for a few weeks. Luminance 21 x 20 minutes captured on 28th and 29th December 2016, RGB each 6 x 20 minutes on 23rd January 2017. Also overlaid with Hydrogen-alpha, 9 x 20 minutes. All binned 2x2. Even with all that data it's a faint object at mag 14.1, surface brightness 16.4 and relatively low in the sky for me. So apologies for any remaining noise. QSI 683 with SX active optics on GSO10" f8 RC Truss. This image appeared in the March 2017 Astronomy Now Gallery Full size. Time I had a look at something brighter and easier!

Now February 2024, and a bit of a play with this. I used StarNet to remove the stars, then subtracted the result from the original to leave the stars only. Reduced their size and increased their colour then pasted back the nebula also recoloured. Possibly a more pleasing image. Full size

            

I first imaged Messier 77 (Cetus A) in 2004, but only the bright inner parts of this galaxy, failing to capture the faint outer areas. So vowed to return some time for much longer exposures. And some clear nights towards the end of December 2016 smiled on me. So here is the result. QSI 683 on RC10 Truss with SX AO. Luminance 10 x 10 minutes (from October 2014!) plus 14 x 15 minutes on 27th December. RGB on 28th December, each 4 x 15 minutes. All binned 2x2. North is left. Why did I use the October 2014 data? And why didn't I persevere with it then? Well, weather didn't help at that time, but for some reason there were extra diffraction spikes. I couldn't track down the cause, so decided second time round to do a fresh set. But there again were the spikes. And they were in almost all the frames except the last two. A total mystery, but no getting away from them, so I included the older data. Full size

            

This beautiful barred spiral galaxy, NGC3359, lies just 2 1/2 degrees from the bright star Dubhe in Ursa Major, so easily found, and at mag 10.3 a visual target for a medium sized scope. But imaging reveals that as well as the easily seen bright core, there is a lot of wispy detail towards the extremities. Consequently I needed quite a lot of data to keep the 'noise' down. Captured over a couple of nights, final data on 4th December 2016. Maybe a hint of extended spiral arms. QSI 683 with SX AO unit on RC10. Luminance 7 x 10 minutes +11 x 15 minutes, RGB each 7 x 15 minutes. All binned 2x2. Full Size

            

Well, it's taken me a little over two years to finish this one - first imaged in October 2014 after seeing this marvellous image from Adam Block. NGC 90 and friends in Andromeda. But the night of November 28th was crystal clear and although as often happens the clarity came with poor seeing, the SX AO unit helped to keep things reasonably crisp. And here is the final result. 'Mouse over' the medium image (click on the thumbnail) for names and magnitudes of many (though not by any means all!) of the galaxies. Luminance 11 x 15 minutes plus 8 x 20 minutes, RGB each 4 x 15 minutes. All binned 2x2. QSI 683 with SX AO unit on RC10 f8. Never going to match 32" at 9000 ft., but I'm quite pleased with it., indeed with the background darkened further, rotated and clipped it is now my computer desktop image. Full size Phew!

           

When I came across this image (and others) of this very interesting object, Arp227 (NGC474 and friends) in Pisces, I resolved to give it a go: But I soon found that although I have reasonably dark skies here they are not dark enough nor clear enough to do it justice - the background light pollution and imperfectly clear sky adds a lot of noise when stretched to show the outlying faint areas. I persevered over a couple of nights, 25th November 2016 being my best chance, but to no avail - when stretched as far as reasonable, only a hint of the outlying shells of stars and gas. This image is 25 x 20 minutes Luminance, RGB each 6 x 20 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on 10" RC. I'll have to move to La Palma! The three larger galaxies (reading from left to right) are NGSs 474, 470 and 467. The two small edge on galaxies below and to the left of NGC 467 are PGC 4765 (the vertically oriented one) and PGC 4755. Full size Later: There is an extremely deep image in a 2018 APOD here (Opens in a new page)

        

I'm in a bit of a quandary! I don't use my big 10" scope much during the summer - most twilight targets are quite large and so I use a refractor. Relatively light and easy to handle. But now that the dark nights are with us again it's back to my 10" RC. And that takes more than a bit of effort to set on my Observatory mount. My little Solarview 50, which I have loved for several years, sits easily on a dovetail clamp on the side of the mount - hardly needs any rebalancing and the weight of the GPCam is negligible. So I can still quickly have a peek at the Sun and if interesting take some images without further ado. I bought my Quark Chromo this Summer (2016) after seeing some of the marvellous closeups on the UKAI group. And yes it adds another dimension with the higher resolution of my TMB105. But that is not so easy for a quick peek! I haven't yet tried it on a side dovetail clamp- there is a sister clamp on the other side of the mount, and I might be able to make up a suitable balance weight, but still a bit of a hassle. So when I was at Kelling Heath at the end of September I bought a 2.5x Powermate to use for closeups with my Solarview. Obviously it won't improve the natural resolution of the telescope itself, but it does improve the final resolution due to the increased pixel coverage. The upper image is a mosaic from 5th October.   This image is a 2.5x reduction of the mosaic to give the same size as I would get without the Powermate, overlaid on an earlier image taken without the Powermate. And it is clear from the comparison that there is a marked improvement. I'll persevere with the Quark, but may decide to sell it.

Well, a few days later I dug out a couple of old balance weights, used when my main 'scope was much lighter (8" Mak-Cass). Unruly disrespectful friends called them 'Toilet Rolls' ! Locked together and fitted to a dovetail they nicely balance the TMB with Quark in DEC. And with the main balance weights at the limit of their travel, all is in balance. So without dismantling any of my main scope and camera setup I can use the Quark. And it takes no more time to fit the bits than it takes the Quark to reach operating temperature. Back in business! Postscript. Unfortunately I found that this arrangement was prone to bouncing when disturbed. So with the magnification of the built in Barlow, focusing was a major problem. With little happening on the Sun, I didn't use the Quark again and sold it in early 2017. Pity, but an interesting experience.

             

The night of 3rd October 2016 was clear for a few hours and I managed to get some data on NGC7789 - 'Caroline's Rose' in Cassiopeia before the clouds rolled in. QSI683 on Meade 127 with TSFlat2 and SX AO unit. L 9 x 5 minutes, RGB each 4 x 5 minutes, tweaked with Noel Carboni's actions. All unbinned. Full size (2 MB)

                                   

The 'Iris' nebula (NGC7023) in Cepheus is riding high at the moment, and is associated with substantial dusty areas. I hoped to image it in the dark Kelling Heath skies when there from 26th September to 2nd October 2016, but as those who were there will know there were very few opportunities, and I had to return on Sunday 2nd when it was forecast to be clear. But the clear sky also smiled on me at home, so I was able to fulfill my ambition after all! QSI 683 with SX AO unit and TSFlat2 flattener on TMB105. 12 x 10 minutes luminance, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes. Gentle tweak with Star Spikes Pro. All unbinned. Full size (1.2 MB)

                                   

This isn't often imaged as a 'cluster' because of its size. But definitely classed as one - the Alpha Persei Moving Cluster Mel 20. I was able to squeeze in 9 x 5 minute subs on 22nd September 2016. Canon 700D at ISO 800 with 70-200 Canon L lens at 200 mm and f5.6. The very bright star is of course Mirfak. Spikes courtesy of the camera diaphragm, further enhanced in Photoshop with Star Spikes Pro. There is an 'ordinary' cluster lurking in that image! NGC 1245 is just visible on the bottom edge near the right hand side. Larger image

                                                         

NGC 1502 in Camelopardalis is a small and relatively innocuous cluster, similar in size to the much better known and colourful Jewel Box Cluster in Crux. But its claim to fame is that it lies at the foot of the magnificent waterfall of stars known as Kemble's Cascade. After many cloudy nights, the evening of 5th September was unexpectedly clear and I was able to collect data for this beautiful combination of stars. QSI 683 on TS65 Quad . Luminance 13 x 5 minutes, RGB each 8 x 5 minutes, all unbinned. Enhanced star colours and spikes using Noel Carboni's actions and Star Spikes Pro to make this image really sparkle! This image appeared in the November 2016 issue of Astronomy Now magazine, and was the winning image in the 2016 UKAI Summer Clusters competition. Full size (1.4 MB!)

                                   

Lots of Solar images at the moment - lack of night time clear skies unfortunately. But 29th August 2016 was a beautiful day with plenty of sunshine, and a marginally spotty sun, so worth a visit. Nice prominence as well, and although I did a close up, not satisfactory so not posted. Camera for all images Altair GPCAM2 Mono. The full disc was taken using my Solarview50, and because the GPCAM chip is not quite large enough to encompass the whole disc, it is a mosaic. Close ups all with the Quark Chromosphere on my TMB105. Seeing poor alas, so most images are 50 subs from 1000! One of these days I'll have a steady sky to get really fine detail. Still playing with colours - I'll eventually settle on a reasonable balance then set it up as a Photoshop action to use on all my images.

                            

Spot 12579 followed the earlier groups and seemed to be developing, but as can be seen from these images taken on 23rd and 24th August 2016 it started to decay quite quickly. Unfortunately poor weather/lack of opportunity prevented further images and checking on the Kanzelhöhe Observatory web site a few days later showed the spots had disappeared altogether leaving only a slightly disturbed area.. Altair GPCAM2 mono on Quark and TMB 105 refractor.

                              

Unfortunately the drive unit for my Observatory mount developed a fault on 12th July and was returned to Gemini for repair. As it was 12 years old I decided to purchase a new upgraded unit and keep the repaired one as a stand by . With holidays (both mine and the manufacturer) intervening I did not receive the replacements until 11th August. Not much clear sky or sunshine during the lost time, although a substantial spot group was missed. But finally an opportunity arose on the morning of 15th August and I was able to take advantage of it around 8.30 am before having to go out for most of the day. Two good sunspot areas and a couple of worthwhile prominences.      Finally something to justify buying the Quark! Still need to spend time finding the best settings for surface and prominences, but getting there. Altair GPCAM2 mono on Quark and TMB 105 refractor. Even that early a fair bit of turbulence - always a balance between thermal activity and thickness of atmosphere. So I used 100 frames from 1000 for each image - seems to have worked!

                              

I posted the below GPCAM2 Solar images on the UKAI group Solar section, and came across highly detailed images obtained using a Daystar Quark 'eyepiece' Hydrogen-alpha filter. This filter fits on a telescope like a standard eyepiece, so can benefit by the resolution of a refractor larger than most small Ha dedicated telescopes like my Solarview50 without breaking the Bank! The built in Barlow lens substantially increase the focal length of the system, so with the small chip of the GPCAM2 only small areas of the Sun can be captured at any one time, but the potential for fine detail is there given good seeing conditions. So I bought one from Altair Astro complete with 2" energy rejection filter and interference eliminator to remove 'Newton's Rings'. And fitted to my TMB105 refractor it works very well. Still learning and finding the correct settings, but here are a couple of images from 8th June 2016 when the Sun decided to show itself briefly after days of cloud. Early evening so a bit low in the sky and only moderate seeing, but shows what the system is capable of. Need a good active sunspot to really show it off! Both images are of course stacks of 100 or more monochrome sub frames selected from several hundred using Registax6. Further processed and coloured in Photoshop.

       
 

The colour GPCAM2 IMX224 planetary camera from Altair Astro works very well at a competitive price, and I also tried it on the Sun. Does a pretty good job as you can see below, but I was tempted by the sister monochrome camera the GPCAM2 ARO130 to get the extra resolution instead of only using one pixel out of every four on my Solarview50 H-alpha scope. The camera arrived on 22nd June and I was able to give it a run on the morning of 23rd before I had to go out for the day. Very easy to use with the nice Altair Capture program. The chip is not quite big enough to encompass the whole disc on the 400 mm focal length Solarview50, but with a little care mosaics do the job. Not much activity at the moment, but who knows what lies round the corner!

The GPCAM2 has also proved effective for Solar imaging using my Solarview50 Hydrogen-alpha solar telescope. Unfortunately as can be seen in the upper image (from 29th May) the chip is not quite big enough to encompass the entire disc. I purchased an inexpensive focal reducer, but although it reduced the image successfully, there was a disappointing loss of definition. But the barlowed image of course is ok.       Fortunately the capture rate of the GPCAM2 is such that sufficient frames to stack for an acceptable image can be captured in less than a minute. So rotation effects are negligible and although the Sun is always changing, not that quickly at this resolution!   So the bottom image (from 5th June) is actually a mosaic of two images. A little bit of care in processing and blending the two images in Photoshop, and I for one cannot see the join! There were some small prominences, but not of any consequence, so I didn't take images at the longer shutter speeds required to show them up.

                   

This time for me Mars was very disappointing, diameter 18.5", altitude 13.5 degrees. But looking ahead, here are a few figures for upcoming apparitions. The next time round, at the end of July 2018 Mars is almost as large as it ever gets - around 24" diameter. Alas for me the highest it will get is less than 9.5 degrees - even worse than this time. But for observers in the Southern hemisphere it will be a real treat - for example Brisbane will see it almost directly overhead at 88 degrees altitude!! Hmmm - I think I know of someone in Brisbane with a decent size 'scope and we have relations there.... This picture, courtesy of Starry Night Backyard (as always click for a larger version), shows why Mars is so big in 2018. You can see from the position of the orbits that it is almost as close as it ever gets to us. In 2020 things are much improved here. At the beginning of October, Mars will be 22.3" diameter at a much healthier altitude for me of 40 degrees. A date for my diary! Saturn was at its best of this apparition at the beginning of June, reaching 14.5 degrees altitude for me. Date for my diary is 27th December 2032 when Saturn will be riding high at 57.5 degrees! But as I'll be 89 years old by then if I live that long, I'm not setting too much store by it - I'll probably be wearing a halo! Early December 2024 will be the best Jupiter time. Maybe I'll make that one! (All figures gleaned from Skymap Pro ephemeris tables)

On 5th June the sky was steadier than it had been for some time and I finally managed just acceptable images of Mars and Saturn with the GPCAM2 with 3X Barlow on the RC10. As before, both very low in the sky. When you click on Mars for the full size image, I have also enclosed a copy of the image produced by the excellent 'Mars Previewer II' program showing the features, and confirming that what is visible in my image is real!

I continued to enjoy the GPCAM 2 on Jupiter although it was by now fast sinking into the West. This image is from 23rd May. The moon shadow belongs to Callisto, but the visible moon is Io. Seeing was rather poor that night, and although I had a go at Mars and Saturn they were horribly affected at their low altitude (around 12 degrees) and not worth showing here.
This one is from 27th May when finally the sky was clear when the Great Red Spot was visible.

  

Another Jupiter, this time from 13th May with the GPCAM 2 on RC10 with 3X Barlow. I keep missing the Great Red Spot with the new camera - clouds not playing fair!

         

Transit of Mercury On 9th May 2016 there was a (relatively) rare transit of Mercury across the face of the Sun. Visible in its entirety from the UK. I set up two imaging systems on my Observatory mount, for white light my Canon 700D on Meade 127 refractor with Baader Solar film, for Hydrogen-alpha light my Artemis 285 on Solarscope50. Both set up with computer control to take an image every 5 minutes for the whole transit which lasted for just over 7 1/2 hours . Some problems unfortunately - exposure times for the Canon which were set too long at first - some unnoticed hazy cloud cleared after the initial set up, so early frames were over exposed. Then towards the end as the Sun lowered into horizon haze, the exposure times had to be increased again. More fortunate with the H-a, although the camera slipped at one point, rotating through 90 degrees, unnoticed for a while. Also unnoticed was a failure of the power supply to the Canon so 40 minutes were lost! Seeing was poor, so many frames were a bit fuzzy. But here is first contact with both cameras. Full size white light here.
As Mercury progressed, seeing continued to vary, but I have selected frames which are as good as they get. Full size white light here.
Unfortunately at the time of last contact, tree leaves and branches got in the way, and of course the low altitude did not help the seeing. But here is the result anyway! A couple of H-a images - the narrow wave band at the red end of the spectrum survives the thick atmosphere better. No full size for the white light, reddened and blurred by the low altitude (9.5 degrees).   I hope to produce a video of the full passage. probably in H-alpha, more interesting with the surface features. But correcting the rotation when the camera slipped will take a bit of doing, never mind processing and aligning each image. Watch this space! The next transit will be on 11th November 2019 in the afternoon,starting at 12:35 Only the first half of the transit will be visible from the UK before the Sun sets, but Mercury passes almost directly across the centre of the Sun. The following transit will be on 13th November 2032, already in progress at sunrise in the UK, ending at 12:07 If I live, I'll by 89 by then. Better hope for a clear afternoon in 2019!

 

   

In early 2016 Jupiter was riding quite high. Unfortunately the terrible weather limited imaging time, and I sadly neglected the king of planets in favour of deep sky work when possible, not realising that it would not be as high again for several years. But the upper of the two images was taken on April 18th with decent seeing, using my venerable Toucam Pro web camera, stacked from a selection of 1200 frames taken over 2 minutes Around the same time a new 'planetary' camera was announced by Altair Astro, and I decided to purchase it. Here, but through Ian King Imaging. I was able to give it a good try out on a couple of nights, but poor seeing didn't help. The lower image from May 9th was the best, so here it is. Taken using the same RC10 telescope and 3x Barlow as the Toucam image, but apparently larger because the GPCAM2 pixels are smaller. The camera has a fast download, this image was stacked from 4600 frames, also taken over 2 minutes. The South equatorial belt shows an interesting block of cloud features in the centre. I've checked the original avi and it appears to be genuine. Time is running out for Jupiter - I may have another chance this year, but next time round it will be 12 degrees lower in the sky at best, dropping from 41 degrees altitude to 29 degrees. Not as high again until November 2023, then even higher at 48 degrees. But by that time if I'm still around I'll be 80 years old! In 2012 and 2013 Jupiter was around 50 degrees at highest, and if you look at the Solar System page you will see that the images around those years benefited from the extra altitude.

    

Over the years I have from time to time topped up or taken better images of my Messier list. Still incomplete and I realised I didn't have any images of the interesting barred spiral galaxy M58 in Virgo. Some short dark clear spells at the end of April and early May 2016 gave me an opportunity to collect data. Relatively lacking in contrast so I had to collect quite a lot of subs, ending up with 19 x 10 mins Luminance and 8 x 10 mins each RGB. All binned 2x2, QSI683 on RC10. Rather strange blue clumpy areas, which are also seen clearly in other images of this galaxy, so not problems with my data! Full size

I don't know why I let myself get sucked in to imaging galaxies that have been beautifully presented by Adam Block. After all he has a 32" telescope 9100 feet above sea level in Arizona, whereas I have a 10" telescope 680 feet above sea level in Northumberland! But I see one that takes my fancy, and can't help myself! Anyway here is Adam's image of NGC 3344 in Leo Minor. As you can see it's a gorgeous face on spiral with a scattered rim. The rim is the tricky part! I managed to get data over a couple of nights - the second night of 8th April was a bonus, forecast poor, but stayed clear for a few hours. So my image consists of 19 x 10 minutes Luminance, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on RC10" Truss at f8 with SX AO unit. North is up. Full size I positioned the galaxy off centre to pick up the small ones towards the bottom of the picture - around 18th magnitude. There are a few more dotted around, possibly even fainter. Incidentally for anyone who wants similar inspiration from Adam, you might find this page interesting:.

             

The evening of Wednesday 10th February 2016 was forecast to be clear, but started out cloudy. I was to be out for a couple of hours earlier and hoped to image the 'Question Mark' in Cetus, leaving the system running unattended, but it was not to be. But it did clear later and I had a go at another target, the interesting small mag 10.9 galaxy NGC 3504 in Leo Minor. Still not enough time to get a full set of data before again the clouds rolled in, but enough for a starter. As you can see it's unusual - distinctly barred and with a faint ring. The other face on spiral is mag 12.3 NGC 3512. A smattering of faint background galaxies. At the moment, 8 x 10 minutes Luminance binned 2x2, QSI 683 on RC10.  Hopefully I will have an opportunity to complete the image this season. I was inspired to try for this by Adam Block's superb image here. And when I study that more closely I realise that the 'ring' is actually made up of two diffuse extended spiral arms. Fascinating! Perhaps it will be more apparent in my image when I have collected more Luminance and colour data. UPDATE After some weeks of poor weather and a couple of clear nights missed while I was on the Indonesia Eclipse tour, I managed to obtain more data including colour on the night of 31st March. So the finished image consists of 18 x 10 minute luminance and 7 x 10 minutes each RGB, all binned 2x2. Full size

In early March 2016 we went on a trip to Indonesia - an organised tour which visited several places of interest including a *very* hot climb part way up Anak Krakatau! Hopefully I will get round to doing a travelogue. But the primary purpose of the holiday was to view the Solar Eclipse on 9th March. We were located in the courtyard of the Sultan's Palace, Ternate, a good open location with plenty of atmosphere - locals etc. At first contact the sky was beautifully clear, but there was a worrying patch of high cloud to the East. Unfortunately it moved across the Sun after about 30 minutes, and remained until 10 minutes after totality. It wasn't so thick as to block the Sun out altogether, but the outer corona was completely obscured. So my planned exposure sequence was out the window, and I just had to play seat of the pants as the cloud thickness varied, using live view on my Canon 700D. Despite taking some longer exposures (around 1.5 seconds), the cloud ruined them, and my best effort was this one. 0.3 seconds, 400L Canon lens externally stopped to f7, ISO 100. Just before third contact, a nice view of the large prominence and the start of Baily's beads at the top of the image. Cropped from the full frame. Full Size. This image appeared in the Eclipse feature in May 2016 Astronomy Now magazine
One of the group (the leader, Prof. Patricia Reiff) had a fish eye lens on a camera and took this image during totality. Venus is clearly visible, but it is also apparent just how much cloud was obscuring the corona.
As I mention above, we climbed part of the way up Anak Krakatau - 'The Child of Krakatoa' which lies in the Sunda Strait midway between Java and Sumatra. You can see the path in this photo, it took us up around 400 feet of the 1000 foot volcano. Larger image
It was extremely hot, not just from the sun but from the volcanic heat underfoot. I just made it - I was suffering from a tummy bug and became quickly dehydrated despite carrying water with me. Larger image
Because of my physical state I went down before the rest of the party, but after drinking more water and resting for a while was rewarded by the visit of a large (around 6 feet long) monitor lizard. Larger image
I've put this Krakatau section here for now because on 22nd December 2018 a large portion of the volcano slid into the sea, causing a tsunami which hit the coasts of Java and Sumatra without warning, causing the deaths of over 400 people with a further 40,000 displaced. This radar picture shows the huge amount lost - around 2/3rds of the mass and the height reduced from 340 metres to 110 metres. The area of collapse includes the path we climbed and the forest below. So the monitor will have perished, and probably any other life on the rest of the Island which is still erupting ferociously as I write this (29th December).

Towards the right (West) side of the 'Head' of Cetus (around 7 degrees West of Menkar), there is a quite large asterism taking the form of a question mark. Unlike the well known formation in Leo, this one isn't backwards. An early target this time of year - moving into the West, so I resolved to have a go at it before it was too late and on Wednesday 10th February the forecast was for a clear evening. Wrong - cloudy! Clear later, but too late for this target. So I had another go on Thursday 11th. Moon getting rather close, but with clear sky forecast until midnight I reckoned on getting enough subs to be able to counteract background glow. Wrong again! The clouds rolled in within an hour!! Must be a great job, weather forecasting - you can get it completely wrong time after time and still keep your job!  So in the end I only got 3 x 5 minute subs each R G B unbinned. QSI 683 on TS65 quad. But with noise reduction, gradient extermination etc., could be worse! No chance to get more data this year for me now. Moon too close and getting brighter, and then I'm away until 12th March by which time it will be low in the West. Maybe next year! Larger size

             

This is a blast from the past! In January 2012 a supernova was discovered in the disturbed galaxy NGC3239 (Arp 263) in Leo. I obtained Luminance data in the early hours of 28th January, but then overlooked the files until 27th February 2014 when I obtained RGB data. Again it was forgotten until February 2016(!) when I rediscovered the files and processed them. The supernova is identified in the cropped closeup . Consisting of 18 x 10 minutes Luminance, each 4 x 10 minutes RGB. All unbinned, QSI 683 on Meade ACF12" at f10 with SX AO unit. Larger image

Unbelievably, a couple of days after discovering my QSI683 images, I discovered I had also imaged this galaxy with my ST4000XCM one-shot colour camera in 2011!! Of course that preceded the supernova. So here are those images, duly processed. In this case of course only colour subs, 18 x 20 minutes, taken over 23rd March and 4th April 2011. Camera on Meade 12" at f7 with SBIG AO unit. The crop of course shows the galaxy prior to the supernova.   Full size

     

Popularly known as 'The Spider and the Fly, IC417 (SH234) on the right, and NGC1931 (SH237) are emission nebulae in Auriga. I've never imaged this pair, and decided on the night of 14th January to give it a go - a lovely clear night with the Moon out of the way after 10 pm, not that it would have made much difference to the Hydrogen -alpha data which I collected first. But a lot of people have imaged with a mixture of narrowband and 'normal' colours. So I did the same. I'm not totally convinced, but it will have to do for now. I'll maybe go for OIII and SII next opportunity. So... 14 x 15 minutes H-alpha for Luminance, 5 x 10 minutes each RGB. Everything binned 2x2. QSI 683 on Meade 127 refractor with SX AO and TSFlat2. Red a mix of R and Ha. Full Size

     

I first imaged NGC3953 spiral galaxy in Ursa Major in Spring 2015 with the 10" RC telescope, and at the time resolved to return to image the wider field which includes several smaller galaxies in line, including NGC 3917 ( the larger edge on galaxy). Eventually a couple of clear nights in January 2016 allowed me to capture Luminance (8th Jan) and RGB (11th Jan) with this result. QSI 683 camera with Meade 127 refractor TSFLAT2 flattener and SX AO unit. Luminance 16 x 15 minutes, RGB each 4 x 15 minutes. All binned 2x2. Full size And an annotated full size version is here.

     

SH2-241 (Sharpless 241) in Auriga is quite a challenging object, but because to me it looks like a fat comet with a broad tail I wanted to capture it! Relatively faint, and even the magic of narrow band imaging required substantial data to obtain a reasonably 'quiet' image. I obtained Hydrogen-alpha data on 13th December 2014, but didn't return to finish the job until 31st December 2015! So this image consists of 21 x 15 minutes H-alpha and 8 x 15 minutes each of OIII and SII, all binned 2x2 and combined RGB = HOS. But there was effectively no OIII data in the nebula and very little SII. So not much colour interest. QSI683 on RC10 with SXAO and Baader narrow band filters. Full Size

     

I started imaging this mid November (18th), but due to bad weather and other commitments didn't get final data until 8th December! No narrow band in this - it's surprising how much RGB colour is in the Bubble. And M52 makes a pretty companion to it. I had to scrap several subs due to poor conditions, but this consists of 20 x 10 minutes Luminance unbinned, and RGB each 6 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. QSI 683 camera on TMB105 with TSFlat 2 field flattener. That flattener is working very well with the TMB. The loosely defined cluster below and to the left of M52 is Czernik 43. Larger image

There is a considerable amount of Hydrogen alpha emission from gas in the volume covered by this image, and I was able to obtain some Ha data over the following week. So with 7 x 10 minute binned 2x2 sub frames I was able to blend in the extra data. To a certain extent it has overwhelmed the more delicate colours of the nebula, but certainly more clearly defines the emission area. Larger image

    

Sharpless 2-224 is a quite faint supernova remnant in Auriga with an interesting asymmetric shape. Like many of these emission nebulae it required the use of narrow band filters, even so a lot of quite long sub exposures were needed to avoid excessive 'noise' in the final image. This consists of 20 x 20 minutes luminance (Hydrogen-alpha) subs taken over two nights, 9th and 12th November 2015, and 3 each OIII and SII of 20 minutes. Colour mapped RGB as H-a, OIII, SII. all subs binned 2x2, QSI 683 camera on TMB 105 refractor (650 mm fl) with TSFlat2 flattener. North is to the right. Full size

    

LDN (Lynd's dark Nebula) 1251 is a quite large dusty area in Cepheus, nicely overhead in the late Autumn months, but like all this type of object needing quite dark contrasty skies. I gathered initial Luminance data at Kielder on October 17th 2015, with a further session at home on 6th November. Altogether 38 x 10 minutes Luminance and 8 x 10 minutes each RGB. All binned 2x2, QSI683 on TS65Quad which with its relatively short 420 mm focal length was able to encompass much of the dusty area. North is up. Full size

    

NGC1491 is an emission nebula in Perseus, nicely situated in the late Autumn sky. But proved elusive when I went for it - weather played unfair, and I had to capture data over a number of visits. Initially in November 2013 (!) then a revisit in August 2015, and finally towards the end of October 2015. Ultimately 21 x 15 minutes H-alpha, and 7 x 15 minutes each OIII and SII, all binned 2x2. Combined RGB = HOS. Even with all that data difficult to bring up the fainter areas and balance the colours - I think this target really needs extremely dark contrasty skies. QSI683 on Meade 127 with TSFlat2 field flattener and Starlight Xpress AO unit. Full size

The human brain is very good at seeing shapes within images, witness constellation figures! I see a fiery face in the centre of this image - here it is, rotated slightly and enlarged! (Click on the thumbnail as usual)

        

Open cluster NGC225 in Cassiopeia is associated with the dusty nebula VdB4. The bright stars of the cluster tend to overpower the nebulosity - such is life! But a lot of data was required to keep noise to a reasonable level when stretching to show the faint areas. Luminance 24 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. Taken over two nights, 8th and 11th October 2015, QSI 683 with SX AO and Baader filters on RC10 at f8. Full Size

 

This interesting dusty nebula, LBN 438 in Lacerta, is the result of two sessions, the first at the Dalby Forest Star Party on 15th August, where 16 Luminance subs were captured. A further 7 Luminance subs and 7 subs each of R G and B on 7th October at home. Each sub 10 minutes binned 2x2, QSI 8300 on Meade 127 with TSFlat2 flattener. Full size

    

The end of September 2015 saw a week of stable High Pressure givng beautiful sunny days and clear nights although mist tended to thicken later in the nights. And this coincided with a particularly fine total Lunar Eclipse of a 'Super Moon' i.e. at its closest to the Earth in its orbit in the early hours of 28th. I used my Canon 700D on my Meade 127 refractor to obtain detailed images, a selection of these is in the montage showing the progress of the eclipse (from right to left). Larger image. As always click on the thumbnails for a medium size image.
Close up of the fully eclipsed Moon. It is apparent that the lower part of the Moon is brighter - this is because it did not pass through the centre of the Earth's shadow, but was nearer the bottom of the main umbral shadow. And yes, those little bright dots are stars! The brightest is a double star, magnitude 7.8 Larger image.
The low passage through the umbra is clearly seen in this triple montage where the crescent images are arranged to show the shape of the umbra with the totally eclipsed Moon in its relative position. Larger image. This montage appeared in the November 2015 and January 2019 issues of Astronomy Now magazine, and a section of the totally eclipsed Moon appeared in the North American Observing Highlights section of the January 2018 issue.
I also had my venerable Canon 350 set to take wide angle images on my EQ3-2 mount with a 50 mm Tamron lens. The star field was 3 x 3 minute subs, then the over exposed Moon was replaced with one from 5 x 5 second subs. The Moon was in Pisces and the 'Circlet' is clearly seen.All at f5.6 and ISO800. Larger image.
A couple of days before the Eclipse I was checking my 700D/Meade 127 setup and obtained this image of the Gibbous Moon. Had a play with it to bring up the colour for a bit of fun. So here it is. Larger image.

 

Barnard 150 in Cepheus is a dusty nebula also appropriately named the 'Seahorse nebula'. Nicely situated high overhead in the Autumn, but with varying weather conditions it took me some time to collect the data. Some luminance from 25th July 2015 at home, some from the Kelling Heath Autumn star camp on 12th September and the remainder on the night of 21st September at home. Some frames were discarded, but in the end a total of 25 subs were used. Colour was also obtained on 21st September, 8 subs for each colour. All subs 5 minutes binned 2x2. QSI 683 on TMB105 refractor with TSFlat2 flattener. Full size

This image of the Pelican nebula, IC5070 in Cygnus, is the first image captured using my TMB105 refractor with the Teleskop Service TSFlat2 flattener which has enabled me to use the QSI 683 camera with that telescope - previously it would have been badly distorted in the corners. See the TMB page . The monochrome image is Hydrogen-alpha data using 20 x 10 minute subs binned 2x2, TMB 150, QSI 8300, Baader H-a filter from 6-7 August. The colour is mapped H-a to R, OIII to G and SII to B. The colour data, 10 x 10 minutes each OIII and SII was captured on the night of 11th August, but had to wait until 27th August for the Flats. Full sizes here: H-alpha HOS colour

The 2015 Perseid meteor shower came at a time when the Moon was out of the way, and the night of 11-12 August promised to be dark and clear. So I set up my Canon 700D camera with 17 mm focal length lens on my tracking EQ3-2 mount in the hope of capturing some meteors. As is always the case of course they rarely obliged by passing across the field of view, but I captured two bright occurrences. The one at the top of the photo is almost certainly a sporadic, but that near the bottom is certainly a Perseid. Click on the thumbnail as usual for a medium size image, larger image here. This is of course a composite of separate photographs. Also closeups for the Sporadic and Perseid.

As the 2015 Summer progressed, Jupiter and Venus moved closer in the sky until on 30th June they were at their closest. For once the weather was kind with a clear sky down to the Western horizon. Initially I wanted a close up using my RC10 telescope. I had to squeeze that in quickly because the Western horizon from my Observatory is obscured by my neighbour's tall shrubs. But reasonably successful, although the sky wasn't dark enough to show the Galilean moons in other than a very overexposed image. This one is 1/10th second. Larger image.   I then moved into a neighbouring field with my camera and 70-200 mm Canon L lens on my EQ3-2 mount. That location gave me a clearer Western view, and I was able again to take several images as the pair moved ever lower in the darkening sky. This is probably the most effective with them just above trees. 1 second exposure, 70 mm focal length, f6.1 (approx.) using a mask to minimise starburst. All images with my Canon 700D camera at ISO200. Larger image.

On 19th June 2015 the variable star section of the British Astronomical Association alerted members to the aberrant behaviour of the variable star V404 Cygni (RA 20 24 04, DEC 33 52 02 epoch 2000). The variable star V404 Cyg has just gone into outburst but there is more to it than that as V404 Cyg is an X-ray nova and a low mass X-ray binary (LMXB) with a black hole component. It also had outbursts in 1938, 1956, possibly in 1979 and in 1989. It has has been intensively monitored since then including by X-ray satellites. However, perhaps the most interesting thing about V404 Cyg is that observers have reported light changes of almost 2.5 magnitudes in less than 25 minutes! This was from mag 13.0 to mag 15.0. Most observers with moderate telescopes should be able to see an object of mag 13 visually and will then see this object disappear as it plunges down to mag 15 or so. However, there is every chance that V404 Cyg may yet increase in brightness and the rapid fluctuations should become easier to see. CCD observers should have no difficulty in recording these variations. It is amazing to realise the light is coming from close to a black hole situated at the centre of this binary system. Finder charts can be obtained from the AAVSO Variable Star Plotter at http://www.aavso.org/vsp where your specific orientation and field of view can be entered to suit. My friend Paul Jenkins who is a member of the BAA and had passed on the above to me suggested I might like to make my own observations. Although only twilight nights with clouds about, I was able to take two sets of around 60 x 1 minute images in the early hours and late evening of 21st. June. The resultant magnitude curves as plotted by Maxim DL are shown here, as is a composite of several of the frames showing the star. All images were taken using my RC10 and QSI camera binned 2x2. The plain lines are the reference stars, the red '+' line is V404. Full size image here. It should be noted that I was using a standard IR blocking Luminance filter, so not specifically designed for accurate photometric measurements. But of course it still shows the dramatic variations. The first choice filter for scientifically valid observations is a 'V' band filter. Maybe I'll get one!
I did another run on this interesting star on 23rd June and got a little over 2 hours data with this result. Still very unusual behaviour - usually variable stars change slowly over several days or months, but this one is jumping all over the place. Skymap Pro puts its range as: Maximum magnitude: 11.5 (uncertain) Minimum magnitude: Fainter than 18.5 (uncertain) . I like the 'uncertain' bit! And a huge range of course, so at the moment it's at maximum outburst. Maybe have another look next year to see what it's doing then. I certainly wouldn't like to be living on a planet around that star - need a pretty thick shell!
Although I had intended not to visit V404 again for some time, Roger Pickard of the BAA Variable Star section advised me to keep checking. The next opportunity was the night of 30th June which was beautifully clear earlier on when I photographed the conjunction of Jupiter and Venus. Unfortunately haze and clouds appeared later but I managed almost an hour of data. Alas the seeing was very poor indeed, so I was unable to obtain a crisply focused image, and had to increase the exposure time from 1 minute to 4 minutes to detect the now very faint star. It was apparent that it had faded back into obscurity as can be seen from the comparison image here. Although I did a Photometry graph, (again using a Luminance filter for comparison with the earlier graphs), the combination of the poor seeing, hazy sky, faintness of the star and a bright Moon only two days from full means that the magnitude readings can only be taken as a general guide. But to fade from 12th to 17th magnitude in seven days is dramatic to say the least!

I'm quite enjoying these astronomical twilight nights - another beautifully clear one on 16th May 2015. A pity we couldn't have had more of them during the previous Winter. But although clouds arrived later and prevented me finishing my M16, I was able to complete a full set of data for Messier 12 bright globular cluster in Ophiucus (which I started three days previously). Replaces an earlier attempt in 2005. More colourful than I expected! Luminance 25 x 2 minutes, RGB each 7 x 2 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 with SX AO unit on RC10. Full size This image featured in the August 2015 issue of Astronomy Now magazine.

At my latitude, Astronomical twilight is now the best I get, and even that gives way to Nautical twilight for a few weeks at the height of Summer. So imaging is strictly limited to bright objects, or some narrow band subjects. But the brighter Globular clusters are still a nice target in Astro twilight, and the night of 12th May 2015 was particularly clear so a couple of hours were devoted to Messier 92 in Hercules. My previous image was taken in 2003, monochrome with an MX716 camera! So overdue for an update. The chip in that main imaging camera is now used in the Lodestar guide camera. How things have moved on! The old one was 40 x 20 second subs unguided on an LX90. The new one, Luminance 21 x 2 minutes, RGB each 7 x 2 minutes, QSI 683 on RC10 guided with LodestarX2 and SX AO unit. All binned 2x2. Full Size A bit of a difference!

After I'd collected that data, I had a quick look at M16, the famous Eagle nebula in Serpens. Only 5 x 10 minute binned 2x2 H-a subs as nautical twilight was fast approaching, but if there are a few more clear nights before I lose astro twilight I may get some more data. It's very low for me, never rising above 21 degrees altitude, so seeing is poor - I don't expect ever to get a crisp image here. But still worth a visit! Full Size

It's been a l o n g  time since I imaged a globular cluster, and a particularly long time since I imaged Messier 5 in Serpens. That image is here. I have never before imaged Messier 10 in Ophiuchus. It follows M5 across the sky about an hour and 40 minutes behind. The night of 26th April 2015 was particularly clear and despite a bright first quarter Moon the sky away from the Moon remained decently dark. These bright globulars are a joy to image - only 2 minute subs needed so much of the star colour is retained. I had to wait a while for the targets to rise - they are quite low at my location, and for Messier 5 I perhaps went a bit over the top with Luminance at 20 x 2 minute subs, which left me a little short of time for colour and M10 data. But I persevered, and although by the time I had finished M10 I was half an hour into Astronomical twilight I could still easily see the Cygnus Milky Way in the clear air (the Moon had set by then). So M10 has 15 x 2 minute Luminance subs. For both globulars 6 x 2 minutes each RGB. All with the QSI 683 and SX AO unit, binned 2x2 on RC10 at f8 native resolution. M5 full size M10 full size

The Sun has had a relatively quiet cycle this time round, but on 23rd. April 2015 it sported a huge prominence which I was able to capture. Artemis 285 on Solarview50 Hydrogen-alpha telescope. Interestingly when I came to process the images I noticed I had another folder labelled April 23rd. BUT it was from 2006, when again there was an enormous prominence!! Quite a coincidence!! It can be found here.
A flight of fancy! I see a strange caterpillar like creature crawling around the rim of the Sun to reach its offspring which is looking eagerly towards its parent ;-)
A few days later (27th April) the prominence had rotated onto the face of the Sun, with only a faint tail of the filament showing as a prominence - only just visible in this image, I was fighting clouds!

The run of fine weather in April 2015 continued for yet another clear night - 3 in a row!! Alas the Moon was starting to wax but the night of 22nd April was clear and steady, so I revisited the barred spiral galaxy NGC 4725 in Coma Berenices, previously imaged in 2007 with my Artemis camera. This bright (magnitude 9.3) galaxy is particularly unusual in having only one spiral arm. The smaller neighbouring galaxy is NGC 4712, and is unrelated, being much further away. QSI 683 on RC10 at f8. Luminance 10 x 10 minutes, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. Off-axis guided with Lodestar X2 and Starlight Xpress AO unit. North approximately up in this orientation, governed by the requirement for a suitable guide star. Full Size

Abell 1656 is a densely populated galaxy cluster in Coma Berenices containing numerous small NGC galaxies as well as dozens of fainter PGC galaxies. NGC 4884 is the brightest at magnitude 11.5. I have labelled several of the brighter NGC ones in a 'mouseover' image, click on the thumbnail. 21st April 2015 was again a still clear night and I used the little TS Quad 65 for this rich field image which consists of 14 x 10 minutes Luminance unbinned, and 7 x 5 minutes each of RGB binned 2x2. QSI 683 camera. Close study of the Larger image will reveal many more tiny galaxies.

NGC 3953 is a barred spiral galaxy in Ursa Major, near the better known Messier 109, also a barred spiral, though more 'open' in its aspect. This image was started in February 2015. At that time clouds prevented completion. However the 20th April 2015 was a still clear night and I completed the data set which consists of 14 x 10 minutes Luminance, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes, all unbinned. QSI 683 camera on RC10 telescope at 2 metres focal length with Starlight Xpress AO unit and Baader filters. Unfortunately on both occasions the seeing was poor, so the larger image is not full size - finer detail not captured. Larger image

On 20th March 2015 there was a Total Solar eclipse in the North Atlantic. Unfortunately the line of totality did not pass over the UK, but from my Northumberland location the Sun was 92% eclipsed - a substantial partial eclipse. But as usual the fickle UK weather did not play fair! Maximum eclipse occurred shortly after 10.30 am. The previous day had been beautifully clear all morning, alas this was not the case on eclipse day with substantial cloud cover. Nevertheless I was all set with both white light and Hydrogen-alpha filters set up in my Observatory. First contact was completely obscured, but eventually the clouds started to thin and not only was it safe to view direct, I was able to take unfiltered photographs with my Panasonic TZ5 compact camera at full zoom, this was one of the better ones. Larger Size
As time passed, the clouds thinned further and eventually I was able to start taking images with the filtered cameras. These 'white light' images were taken using Baader Solar film and my Canon 700D on my Meade 127 refractor (950 mm focal length). Maximum eclipse and nearing the end of the eclipse. There is an MP4 video here showing the sequence of all the useable frames.
I also had my Artemis 285 camera fitted to my Solarview50 Hydrogen-alpha telescope, again these are maximum and near the end. There were some interesting prominences and filaments. Also an MP4 video here.

Some targets would appear to be simply unsuitable for imaging in the UK - they need very contrasty dark clear sky. And this is one of them! LBN552 in Cepheus is a dusty area about 11 degrees from Polaris, so accessible all year and reasonably high from my latitude. But in early spring it is South of Polaris most of the night, so 22 degrees lower than in the early Autumn. And for me it lies directly above Hexham which although a small town still has its own share of light pollution. So an awful lot of processing and stretching was necessary to show up the dust, with the stars suffering to a certain extent as a consequence. Such is life! Luminance 25 x 10 minutes, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes, QSI 683 unbinned on TS65 Quad over the nights of 23rd and 25th March 2015. The small orangy glow about 1/3rd from the top is separately classified as GN 21.00.4 Larger size

NGC 188 in Cepheus is only 5 degrees from the North Celestial Pole, and as such is available to Northern hemisphere observers throughout the year. But of course the further North one lives, the Summer nights are twilit and short, so imaging is generally restricted to the Winter months. This image was compiled over a few nights ending March 11th 2015. Despite a last quarter Moon, the sky was clean and the image was little affected if at all by Moonlight. The cluster is considered to be one of the oldest in the Milky Way Galaxy, and is quite large (15 arc-minutes) and scattered. QSI 683 on RC10, L 24 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes, all unbinned. Larger size

       

Comet C/2014 Q2 Lovejoy continued to delight observers in early 2015, and in March it passed by one of my favourite clusters, NGC457 the 'Owl or 'ET' cluster in Cassiopeia. So although by this time the tail was starting to fade, on 10th March I visited it with my Canon 350D deep sky modified camera with this result. 10 x 2 minute subs on TS65 Quad. The smaller cluster centre right is NGC 436, and the modded camera also picked up Sharpless 188 (PN G128.0-04.1), to the left of the comet. I've enhanced it slightly, better to show it up, but nothing added! That's one for H-alpha imaging with my QSI! Larger size

     

The night of 8th March 2015 was beautifully clear, but with a bright Moon rising I turned my attention to a striking open cluster approximately 100 degrees away which I hoped would be unaffected by the moonlight. And that turned out to be the case. NGC2266 is a lesser known compact open cluster in Gemini, relatively small at 5 arc-minutes. Compare this with the well known M35, also in Gemini, which measures approximately 25 arc-minutes. So I imaged it at the full 2 metre focal length of the RC10. This image is cropped from the original - due to the need for a good guide star the cluster was off centre. QSI 683 on RC10 with SXAO unit. Luminance 12 x 5 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes, all unbinned. Larger size

  

On 2nd March 2015 I was doing some tests with the forthcoming partial eclipse in mind, and spotted this substantial detached prominence. Rather faint, hence the stretched background. But interesting! It would seem that I caught the start of a major Coronal Mass Ejection. I took my image around 1430 UT, the 'official' image was an hour later. The link referred to in that image is not active on my site, but this YouTube offering shows the progress of the CME very well, although I do not know how long it will be available. It opens in a new window - YouTube does not like frames! Artemis 285 on Solarview50. Combination of 20 x 0.01 second exposures, processed in K3CCDTools and Photoshop.

    

I'd never heard about this until I saw an image in early February 2015. The Waterfall nebula (also known as Herbig-Haro 222). But oh boy is it difficult! It's situated directly below the Orion Nebula, so maximum altitude for me is 28 degrees. Very faint, but would seem to glow in a variety of colours as seen in other images. So far only limited H-alpha obtained. Hardly ever clear when I was home, sod's law saw to it that on some good clear evenings I had other engagements. Will now probably have to wait until next Winter. But definitely worth it - a very interesting object! So far 7 x 20 minutes Hydrogen-alpha over a couple of evenings, last one 24th. February, binned 2x2, QSI 683 on RC 10" truss (f8). A long way to go - I reckon I'll need at least 10 hours of good clear sky to get a decent Luminance, never mind the colour! Not worth posting the full size at the moment. Just click on the thumbnail as usual for a mid size version.

  

On the evening of 20th February 2015 Venus and Mars were joined by a thin Crescent Moon in the Western Sky. This image is a composite of two separate exposures - strips of cloud meant that unfortunately not all were properly visible together at any time. But I think it came out ok. The Earthshine on the Moon is particularly striking! Larger image Canon 700D, 15 second images with 70-200 mm lens at 200 mm and f6.3

  

Another target which was delayed finishing from October 2014 to February (20th) 2015 was the interesting nebulous area NGC 1579 in Perseus. Also known as the 'Trifid of the North' due to its similarity to the well known Trifid nebula in Sagittarius. Although it appears to be a Hydrogen-alpha emission nebula, the red colour is in fact produced by scattering of light in dust clouds surrounding a very powerful star. The blue light is reflection. QSI 683 on RC10. Luminance 17 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. This image featured as Picture of the Month in the April 2015 issue of Astronomy Now magazine, and also appeared in the September 2019 issue. Full Size

I first came across this interesting Camelopardalis galaxy, NGC2655 also classified as Arp 225, in October 2014, and collected several monochrome subs. But ran out of time and sky to finish the job. This has been a very poor season with few imaging opportunities, but the night of 16th February 2015 was beautiful, and although I had a previous engagement and wasn't able to start imaging until 22:30, I was able to keep going the rest of the night - the target is only 12 degrees from Polaris, so at my 55 deg latitude stays nicely high all night. The main body of the galaxy has very little structure - quite uninteresting. But what makes it special is the surrounding clouds of displaced stars. Difficult to bring out from the background - really needs a dark mountaintop! But I ended up with a total of 35 x 10 minutes Luminance subs, all binned 2x2. Colour is from 5 x 10 minutes binned subs for each of RGB. All with QSI 683wsg and Starlight Xpress AO on 10" RC Truss (2000 mm fl). Full Size. The central section of this image containing the galaxy appeared in the December 2018 issue of Astronomy Now in an article about Northern galaxies.

I started this image with mono data obtained on 23rd November 2014. With the terrible season, it was not until 9th February 2015 that I finally managed to get colour data to complete the image. NGC 1333 in Perseus forms the central part of a complex surrounded by the dark dust of Barnard 205. This image was taken with my QSI 683 camera on TS RC10 Truss with AP reducer giving 1540 mm focal length at f6. Cropped a little - severe vignetting in the corners. Luminance 10 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. Phew!! Full size.

Asteroid 357439 2004 BL86 made a relatively close pass to the Earth on the night of 26-27 January 2015, approximately 0.008 AU (1.22 million Km, 760,000 miles) at its closest. The asteroid was estimated at greater than 1 Km diameter, large enough to have serious consequenses if it impacted with the Earth! I hoped to image it, but although the early evening was clear, I was away from home, and by the time I was ready to image, the clouds were very much in evidence. Eventually around 0100 UT I had a brief window of around 20 minutes through a hazy sky, and managed 16 x 1 minute shots before the clouds returned for good as can be seen in the animation. I was using my Canon 700D camera at ISO 1600 with a 100 mm lens. A large field of view, in the hope of capturing around four hours worth of images, eventually passing Messier 44, alas the skies were not friendly! So these images are cropped from half size versions of the original photographs. Even at the short focal length, the asteroid was moving so fast that the 1 minute exposures produced a streak. (Image scale here is approximately 18 arc-secs per pixel). North is up, the bright star next to the streak is SAO 116818 (TYC 796-1621-1), Epoch 2000 RA 08h 29m 36s, DEC +8° 25' 02" As usual click on the images for larger versions. The larger animation GIF is 1.5 MB.

Comet C/2014 Q2 Lovejoy made a fine show in the Southern sky before moving into the Northern skies in January 2015. There had been a tail detachment episode, but the tail re-established, although fainter . The dreadful weather at home continued through early January, but a short clear window gave me the opportunity to image the comet on 12th. This image is constructed from 17 sub frames, each of 3 minutes, bracketing 2100 hours UT, taken with my Canon 700D camera, 400L lens fully open at f5.6, and ISO1600. It proved very difficult to extract the faint tail from the slightly hazy background without the image becoming overprocessed and unnatural, so this is about the best I could manage! The angular distance from the head to the left edge of the field of view is approximately 3 degrees, which at the comet's distance of 73 million Km equates to a tail length in the region of 4 million Km! Larger image

At last, after a disastrous Autumn season, with some images still awaiting more data for completion (and possibly going to have to wait a year) a couple of clear nights here in cloudy ol' North East England on 29th and 30th of December 2014. But typically with a bright first quarter Moon, so narrowband was in order. I'd seen a pic of an infrequently imaged and relatively small emission nebula, Sh2-170 in Cassiopeia, likened to the well known Rosette nebula, nice and high and not too close to the Moon, so went for that. Quite faint, so needed a lot of data over the two nights to get a reasonably 'quiet' result. 3 subs of Hydrogen alpha had to be scrapped due to passing clouds, so in the end, 16 x 20 minutes H-a, OIII and SII each 5 x 20 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI683 on 10" RC with AP reducer giving 1540 mm focal length (f6.16). Blended RGB=HOS. Very little colour in OIII and SII, so the final nebula is predominantly Red. Full size

At last! A clear night all night (2-3 December 2014) and although I was away from home earlier, I was able to start imaging around 11 pm right through to 5 am. Bright Moon of course so narrow band was the order of the night. With this result. This group of nebulae is situated in Orion about 10 degrees North of the well known Cone nebula, close to the border with Gemini. The brightest patch is IC 2162. North is straight up. Also classified as Sharpless objects. From right to left, SH 254, 256, 257, 255 (IC2162), 258. Unlike many areas of emission nebulae these are relatively small, so were imaged with my QSI 683 and SX AO unit at 2000 mm on my RC10. Luminance and R, H-alpha 9 x 20 minutes, G and B are OIII and SII, each 3 x 20minutes. All binned 2x2. A bit noisy still - the nebulae, and in particular the outlying wispy bits are quite faint so a lot of stretching needed. But with so few imaging opportunities these days, although twice as much data would be nice I might not return! Full size

Those of you who haven't already seen this marvellous image by Adam Block, have a peek now. And do look at the full size image. It is now my computer wallpaper, cropped to fit my monitor screen. Taken at 9000 ft. in Arizona with a 32 inch telescope, an image of that quality is far out of reach of aspiring UK imagers (unless using remote telescopes of course). But an interesting cluster, and I hope to get an acceptable version this season. So far only one attempt, poor seeing and thickening haze, but 10 x 15 minutes exposures on 28th October gave me this monochrome image for starters. QSI 683 with SX Active Optics, binned 2x2 on 10" RC Truss. NGC90 (the face on spiral) is located in Andromeda just East of the great square of Pegasus, so nicely positioned for November and December. Fingers crossed for many steady clear nights! Full size

Sunspot AR2192 rotated into view towards the end of October 2014 and proved to be one of the largest for some time. This image was taken late afternoon of 23rd during a short break in the clouds, and although quite low in the sky the image is not too bad. Artemis 285 with 'Moon' filter on Solarscope 50, single 0.02 second exposure.

This interesting but faint dusty nebula, Barnard 175, is situated in Cepheus, and needs a fair bit of data to show up, but the nights are getting longer ;) High overhead this time of year, so with a clear night forecast for the night of 21st October 2014, hopefully the first of many this season, it was one to go for. North approximately at the top. The bright nebula at the tip is van den Bergh 152. QSI 683 on Meade 127 refractor with AP67 reducer, approx. focal length 760mm. Luminance 10 x 15 minutes, RGB each 4 x 15 minutes, all unbinned. Larger image. At this angle, to me it strongly resembles a horse's foreleg, complete with a shiny horseshoe and 'feathers' - horsey people will know what I mean. How about (with tongue in cheek for the famous cousin) naming it the 'Horse Leg' Nebula?

NGC7538 is an attractive bright nebula in Cepheus, just West of the more popular Bubble nebula (in Cassiopeia!) Despite an almost full Moon on the night of 7th October, narrow band filters worked their magic with this result. QSI 638 on RC10 with SX AO. Luminance 12 x 10 minutes H-alpha RGB = Ha OIII SII. OII and SII each 6 x 10 minute subs. All binned 2x2 Full Size

The night of 1st October 2014 was nicely clear although seeing was mediocre. But the iconic Owl/ET nebula, NGC457 in Cassiopeia was high overhead so made the best of the conditions. And such a bright target does not demand long exposures. I guess I'll get used to the diffraction spikes from my RC10! This replaces an image from 2009. QSI 683, RC10, Luminance 15 x 2 minutes, RGB each 7 x 2 minutes, all unbinned. Guided with SX AO. This image appeared in the December 2014 issue of Astronomy Now magazine. Large Size

While envying those fortunate enough to be at the Autumn 2014 Kelling Heath Star Party who had an amazing night on Friday 26th September, nevertheless the skies here at Hexham were not too bad, and although struggling with an injured leg which had prevented me going to Kelling I was able to operate my new RC10 in my Observatory. It helps to have Teamviewer so I could sit in the house in relative comfort! Rather hazy in the earlier part of the night, but crisped up later. First target was the pretty planetary nebula NGC 7094, less than 2 degrees East of M15 in Pegasus. Quite faint at mag 13.5, and the haze reduced the contrast. Seeing only moderate, but I managed to bring up reasonable detail. Luminance 7 x 10 minutes, RGB each 3 x 10 minutes, QSI 683 on RC 10, all binned 2x2. I would have liked more data, but the target was already crossing the meridian when I started imaging, and was falling into haze. Full Size

But as the night progressed, the clarity improved. I had more time available for my next target, Messier 74 in Pisces. Previously imaged several years ago, but deserved a revisit. As the clarity improved, so the seeing deteriorated slightly, but the brighter target (although M74 has low surface brightness) helped to compensate. Luminance 12 x 10 minutes unbinned, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. Same optics for both. 2 metres focal length, but admirably guided with a Starlight Xpress AO unit. Larger Size

First light of my new RC10 telescope took place on 21st September 2014 after a long spell of awful murky weather. Far from pristine, with a lot of haze so I chose a bright target. Didn't bother with colour, here is the monochrome. The classic 'Dumbbell Nebula ' M27 in Vulpecula, 7 x 5 minute subs unbinned, darks and flats applied. QSI 683 on 10" RC (f8). Guided with Lodestar and Starlight Xpress AO unit. Very promising, just a little distortion in the top left corner as witness the diffraction spikes. May be a small amount of camera tilt - need to check the adjustments. But I think a very satisfactory first light. Large image

Despite the haze, seeing was good, and I was very pleased with the definition of the nebula. So used the colour data from an earlier image to complete the picture.

Comet C/2014 E2 Jacques passed by Mu Cephei, the Garnet Star at the northern tip of IC1396, on the night of 30th August. This image is 20 subs of 3 minutes at ISO3200, Canon 700D on TS65 Quad refractor (420 mm focal length). Stacked using the clever comet stacking procedure in Deep Sky Stacker. Unmodified camera, so the Hydrogen-alpha contrast is muted. But the 'Elephant's Trunk' is quite clear. Large image

In the main image the tail is pretty well lost against the background stars and nebulosity, but there is a hint of it pointing downwards at 7-o-clock. This image, stacked on the comet head and median combined to blur the background, clearly shows the tail. Cropped from the main image.

Comet C/2014 E2 Jacques moved through Cassiopeia towards the end of August. I was at Dalby Starfest over the weekend of 23rd August, and had a go then, but had guiding problems. BUT as the forecast wasn't too good, came home early on Sunday instead of Monday. And was very lucky with the clouds - just North of the Northern edge of a weather front, so had a lovely clear night until the mist formed around 2 am. So got lots of images of the comet, 50 subs in total. I was using my Meade 127 refractor and Canon 700D camera, and at the focal length of 950 mm the comet was very fast moving. So I set the ISO at 3200 and used 90 second frames. Which seems to have worked quite well. the only down side is that the tail disappears out of the bottom of the image - I should have had the comet nearer the top of the frame, but at the time didn't know which way the tail was pointing or how long it was. The brightest star in the image is 7th magnitude Tycho catalog number TYC 4028-489-1 (Hipparcos number HIP 3267) Larger Size The main image is a stack of 20 subs, using the clever comet stacking feature in Deep Sky Stacker. Also heavily processed better to show the tail. Two animations using all 50 subs, here just very small GIFs, one with the comet moving against the background, the other with the comet stationary and the background moving. There are larger mp4 versions on my web site, best viewed using Windows Media Player unless you have the latest QuickTime Plug in installed: Comet moving Background moving

Messier 16 in Serpens, better known as the Eagle Nebula and made famous by the iconic Hubble image of the 'Pillars of Creation' never rises higher than 21 degrees at my location, and to add insult to injury only during the Suumer months when I have predominantly twilight nights. I last imaged it in 2005, and reckoned it was time for another visit. A couple of clear still nights in early July (with a first quarter Moon in the West) gave me an opportunity to collect some Hydrogen-alpha data, the narrow band filter making the best of the difficult conditions. Only 3 sub frames on 7th July - the clouds rolled in, but a further 8 on 9th July. I now have to wait a couple of weeks until the waxing Moon (full on 12th) moves past M16 and far enough away to allow collection of OIII and SII data for a full colour image. But for now here is the monochrome version. 11 subs of 10 minutes, QSI683 with Baader 7 nm Ha filter, unbinned on Meade 127 refractor. Larger size

Eventually in the early hours of 9th July I was able to obtain colour information. OIII and SII each 5 x 10 minutes. Applied as the 'Hubble palette' RGB = SHO. The result looks a bit strange - the preponderance of Ha light means that it is difficult to avoid overpowering the central section. But for what it is worth.... Larger image.

Supernova in M106 SN2014bc More information here. I heard about this a week or so after it was announced, and presumed with our lousy weather up North that I wouldn't get a chance to go for it. But the night of Friday 30th May was clear, so despite only astronomical twilight had a go. Further handicapped by the fact that I have sold my 12" Meade 'big gun' and am waiting for its successor. So brought my 5" Meade 127 refractor into play (950 mm focal length). Well of course refractors have no central obstruction, so that helps. And surprisingly with careful processing there it is. Very close to the core, but I've compared my image with the discovery images and I'm sure that's it. Just monochrome, 9 subs x 10 minutes, QSI 683 unbinned. The close up is doubled in size from the original, better to show the supernova. The galaxy lower right of the main image is NGC 4217.

I hadn't imaged the great Ursa Major galaxy Messier 81 for some years, and decided at the start of 2014 to try for an image with my QSI 683 which with its larger chip would nicely fill the field of view on my Meade 12" at 2600 mm. But the dreadful weather stood in my way, and it wasn't until the night of 2nd May that the gods relented and gave me a few hours of clear sky without an obtrusive Moon. And this is the result. Luminance 10 x 10 minutes, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. Phew! This was Picture of the Month in the July 2014 issue of Astronomy Now. Full Size

This image shows the relative sizes as seen from Earth of the recent Jupiter and Mars images. Of course the true size of Mars is such that several would fit inside the Great Red spot!

Every two years or so Mars makes it's closest approach to the Earth in its elliptical orbit. The 2014 closest was on 15th April, and as luck would have it the evening of 14th was clear with a reasonably steady sky, so I was able to capture an image just after midnight at its then maximum size of 15.16 arc- seconds - relatively small compared to previous apparitions. It was also fairly low in the sky at 30 degrees altitude with some atmospheric disturbance, so despite careful collimation of my telescope the details are not as fine as might be hoped for. Several hundred frames captured with my Toucam webcam on my 12" Meade, stacked in Registax, final processing in Photoshop.

Spiral galaxy NGC 3521 in Leo is surprisingly not a Messier object despite its bright 9.2 magnitude. But worth visiting, not just for its overall appearance but also for the faint halo of stars, beautifully captured in this APOD image. Alas my UK skies are not so favourable, but I have a hint of the 'bubble'. This image was some time in the capturing! I first visited it on 14th April 2012, but only managed 3 x 20 minute subs. Then overlooked it until 24th March 2014, one of very rare clear nights in this awful season. So the final image consists of Luminance 3 x 20 minutes + 7 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on Meade 12" at 2600mm. The image is cropped from the original combination - there was some misalignment between the 2012 and 2014 images (I didn't realise I had the 2012 images until after getting the 2014 data) and due to the position of the guide star it was off centre anyway. North is to the right. Full size

11 March gave me another opportunity to image Jupiter with the Great Red Spot visible. Several hundred Philips Toucam webcam frames with the Meade 12" and 3x Barlow. Stacked using Registax, finished in Photoshop. High pressure improved the seeing somewhat, although not what I'd hoped for, and although the Moon was close and bright it didn't affect the image.

The night of 10th March 2014 was clear and crisp, so despite the presence of a waxing gibbous Moon I imaged the elliptical Leo galaxy Messier 105 and it's associated elliptical NGC 3371 and colourful disturbed galaxy NGC 3373. M105 is the one towards the bottom of the image, right is North. I wanted these for insertion into the Stellarium planetarium program. Despite the bright Moon I was able to reduce the background sufficiently to make this a 'keeper'. But will probably return next opportunity! Because of the bright background I stayed with 2x2 binning and short exposures. Luminance 22 x 5 minutes, RGB each 7 x 5 minutes, QSI 683 on Meade 12" at 2600 mm. Full size

Cone and Foxfur in Monoceros, or if you prefer, NGC 2264 and associated nebulosity! With our truly awful weather, this has been on the go since the end of December 2013. (Early monochrome image below). But I managed to get the last bit of data on the night of 20th February 2014, and here is the result. An area I've been after for some time, but never had the right combination of camera and optics until the last year or so. QSI 683wsg with Starlight Xpress AO unit on Meade Series 5000 127 refractor. Luminance 17 x 15 minutes, RGB each 9 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. Larger image. Phew!

A brief clear spell on 10th February gave me an opportunity to image Jupiter with the Great Red Spot visible. Several hundred Philips Toucam webcam frames with the Meade 12" and 2x Barlow. Stacked using Registax, finished in Photoshop. Mediocre seeing as always, but Jupiter is so big and bright this year that I had to go for it!

In January 2014 a supernova appeared in the bright nearby (11 million Light Years) galaxy Messier 82. soon classified as a type 1A, and named Supernova 2014J. I first heard about it on 22nd January and determined to image it. As always click on the thumbnails for a larger image. This image featured in the article on this Supernova in the March 2014 Astronomy Now magazine, and also appeared in the April and May 2014 issues.   As luck would have it, 23rd January was the first clear night for a long time, and of course I was out for dinner with friends I haven't seen for some time. Typical! However I managed 3 subs before going out and another 8 on return. Only monochrome subs - the clouds rolled in around midnight, so I used the colour from a previous image which I also used for the animation. Large image   The new image was 11 x 5 minute subs. QSI 683 on Meade 12" at 2600 mm. The supernova measured at magnitude 11.3   The monochrome image is a crop from the calibrated but only linear stretched combined frames showing the true magnitude of the supernova relative to the galaxy. Pretty bright!

This has to be shaping up to be an even worse season than last winter - at least in NE England. A continuous succession of gales, rain and cloud with only glimpses of Sun or Stars. But Christmas Day was decent and I managed a few hours imaging that night. The first image is the result. Messier 77 and NGC 1055 galaxies lie quite close together, but are very different in appearance,. In the past the two bright stars 'above' NGC1055 meant I had difficulty imaging with my SBIG camera because of blooming. But now my QSI 683 is anti-blooming so no problems there. The bright blue star at the right hand edge is 4th magnitude delta Ceti, the small galaxy to the left is NGC 1072. QSI 683 on Meade series 5000 127 refractor (950 mm focal length). Baader LRGB filters, SX AO unit. Luminance 13 x 10 minutes unbinned, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. As always more data would have been nice, but it's a bit late in the season for them - they were dropping into slightly hazy sky and the subject is fairly low for me. Better than nothing! Larger image The next very brief window of opportunity was on 30th December. I've always wanted to image the Cone and Foxfur nebulae in Monoceros (the only previous attempt was in 2006 here) but again the very bright stars of the associated open cluster (NGC2264) caused problems until I got my QSI camera. Even so, I only managed 5 x 15 minute Luminance subs before the clouds rolled back in. And again there was slight high haze. Needs many more hours data, but it's a start, and the subject will be available for several weeks yet IF the skies ever clear. Same optics as above. Larger image North is up in both images.

I've seen this sort of thing from others, but never tried it myself until the night of 17th December 2013. Very frustrating with thin cloud continually forming just where it wasn't wanted. But I wanted to catch the Moon while nearly full, and eventually got a satisfactory exposure. Canon 350D (Ha modded), ISO100, single 1/800 second frame. On my Meade 127 refractor, cropped from the original. Initially balanced the colours of the RAW image using Canon's own Digital Photo Professional, then brought them out in Photoshop. This image appeared in the February 2014 issue of Astronomy Now magazine. Larger image

Although the Canon 350D picture of the Hyades, Pleiades and California nebula (below) was quite pleasing, I was disappointed with the rendering of the California nebula. The night of 5th December 2013 was set to be clear all night - one of the very few this season, so I set to with my QSI camera. Originally outside on my EQ3-2 mount, but the weather was still very blustery after the severe gales of the morning (which cut off our electricity for 8 hours - fortunately it was back on in the evening!) so I had to admit defeat and move the camera onto my Observatory mount. QSI 683 with Tamron 17-50 zoom lens at 35 mm and f5.6 Luminance 11 x 10 minutes, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes binned 1x1. I also took 6 x 15 minutes Hydrogen-alpha to pick out detail of the California nebula. This was then used for both luminance and colour of the nebula. The brighter stars were already showing 'starburst' effects from the lens diaphragm, so I lightly enhanced them further using Star Spikes Pro. Large image here, annotated with constellation lines, some stars and deep sky objects here, or 'mouseover' here (if your mouse has a wheel use it to scroll the annotated image without losing the annotations.)

In the UK the Milky Way is at its best in late August when the skies are dark and part of Sagittarius is visible. But later in the year it can still put up a wonderful show, and although I am on the edge of the Hexham 'light dome' a clear night gives me a good view from my back garden. This image was taken early in the evening of 22nd November 2013 before the Moon rose. It consists of a two frame mosaic, the top third or so being added to a full frame lower section to include all of Cygnus. Canon 350D modded for Hydrogen alpha with Tamron 17-50 f2 lens at 17 mm and f5.6. Lower section 6 x 5 minutes, upper 5 x 5 minutes all unguided on my EQ3-2 mount. With the mount tracking the sky, the horizon was very blurred, so I later patched in a static shot clearly showing my Observatory and skyline. This is correctly positioned - a crop from the original stacked image is here. Processed with Deep Sky Stacker and Photoshop, brighter stars slightly enhanced with Star Spikes Pro. Large image here, annotated with constellation lines, some stars and deep sky objects here, or 'mouseover' here (if your mouse has a wheel use it to scroll the annotated image without losing the annotations.)

After the disappointingly small image of Comet C2012 S1 ISON on 4th November, another opportunity around 5 a.m. on 10th November 2013 prompted me to use my Meade 127 refractor (950mm fl). With this result. It was a clear (and VERY frosty!) morning, but my Eastern sky alas is in the direction of Newcastle, so there is always light pollution sky glow despite my generally quite dark location, and the background masks some of the tail, although it's just visible up to the centre of the frame. Still disappointingly faint - the brightest star in this image is magnitude 7.6 6 x 5 minute subs again using my modded Canon 350D. Guided using a little 300mm mirror lens and Starlight Xpress Lodestar. Stacked using the excellent 'Comet and Stars' feature of Deep Sky Stacker. Core slightly elongated in each sub due to the movement over the 5 minutes - it's getting faster as it nears the Sun! Large image

The night of 9th November 2013 was beautifully clear, so while waiting to try again for comet ISON I turned my attention to Messier 33 - always worth a visit! QSI 683 with SX AO unit on Meade 127 refractor. Luminance 12 x 10 minutes, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes, all unbinned.  Large image (1 MB)

Comet C2012 S1 ISON on it's first (and last!) visit to the inner solar system was widely forecast to be a 'great' comet. But prior to it's close encounter with the Sun it didn't live up to expectations. This image was taken around 5 a.m. on the 4th November 2013. 4 x 5 minute frames with the Canon 350D and 70-200mm L zoom lens at 200 mm and f5.6 Large image

This wide field image mainly of theTaurus region taken on 3rd November 2013 while waiting to image Comet ISON, shows the Hyades cluster with the bright red star Aldebaran, the Pleiades and sneaking in at the top the California nebula in Perseus. 10 x 10 minute sub frames with modded Canon 350D and Tamron 17-50 zoom lens at 44 mm and f5.6.  The open cluster to the left of the Hyades is NGC 1647. Large image (840 KB)

This image, taken on 3rd November 2013 contains a number of Van den Bergh reflection nebulae, VdB12, 13, 16 and 17 (NGC1333) in Perseus. 'Mouse over' the medium size image for names (click on the thumbnail). QSI 683 on the TS Quad refractor (420mm). Luminance 10 x 15 minutes unbinned, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes binned 2x2  Large image (950 KB)

This is the 'Butterfly' nebula and associated nebulosity surrounding the bright star Gamma Cygni, with the Crescent nebula tucked away in the corner. Apparently more nebulosity out of field - guess I'll have to have another go zoomed out further! Friday and Saturday nights of 27th and 28th September 2013 had superb clear skies. Had to pack in early Sunday morning - big day ahead, but got the colour data.  QSI 683 with Canon 70/200 L lens at 200 mm, f6 (external stop). Luminance 15 x 10 minutes Ha binned 1x1. RGB Ha, OIII, SII each 5 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. Larger image

The dark nebula Barnard 173-4 in Cepheus is extremely thick in places, completely blanking out background stars. This image was taken on 26th October 2013, using the QSI683 and Meade 127 refractor (950 mm fl) with Starlight Xpress Adaptive Optics unit. Luminance 15 x 10 minutes unbinned, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes binned 2x2.  Full Size (775KB)

The night of 7th September 2013 was beautifully clear and just got better as the night went on. I did an imaging run with my 70-200 lens on the North American and Pelican nebulae with an f6 exterior mask similar to this one. Nice field of view, but I'm not sure about the star shapes towards the top - it may be that the camera/lens mounting had some play which allowed them to tilt wrt each other. I was using a lens mount so the QSI with the big filter wheel was hanging on the back. But nice resolution in the middle ;) QSI 683 with Baader narrowband filters and Canon 70-200 lens at 200 mm fl. Luminance Ha, 12 x 10 mins + 2 x 20 min ( I was guiding for the longer exposures with my SCT but got some flex, so reverted to unguided 10 minute subs), OIII and SII each 7 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. Darks and flats applied, Colour mix RGB = HOS. This image appeared in the December 2013 issue of Sky at Night magazine. Larger size (1MB)

This area is very strong in Hydrogen alpha light which makes it difficult to show variations - in essence it should be all red! So for those who prefer a more restful image, here is the monochrome Ha Luminance image. Larger size

This beautiful reflection nebula, NGC 7129, approximately 3,300 light years distant in the constellation Cepheus contains bright young stars whose intense radiation has dispersed gas and dust creating a bubble in the original star forming cloud. Imaged from my Observatory, some of the luminance from September 2012, the bulk of the data this September 10th, one of the few decently clear nights this lunation. Luminance 12 x 20 minutes binned 1, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes binned 2x2. QSI 683 wsg camera with Starlight Xpress Adaptive Optics and Baader filters on Meade 12" ACF at 2600 mm. Larger Size (940KB)

Messier 27, the well known 'Dumbbell' planetary nebula in Vulpecula has a faint outer shell, not often imaged, and difficult except from a very dark site. But narrow band imaging can show it up. This image has rather 'noisy' colour having been stretched from a limited amount of data collected on the nights of 31st August and 2nd September 2013. QSI 683WSG on Meade 12" ACF at 2600 mm fl with Starlight Xpress Adaptive Optics unit. 5 x 20 minutes and 7 x 30 minutes H-alpha, but only one each x 10 minutes of OII and SII. All binned 2x2. Colour mix RGB=HOS. Maybe I'll try again in 2014....  Full size

The Summer months at my Northern latitude are not the best time for imaging deep sky objects - twilight rules for several weeks. But narrowband filters can do some useful work, so here is a rendering of the beautiful Veil Nebula complex in Cygnus (various NGCs including 6960 for the bright West limb and 6992 for the East section). Taken over several sessions in early June and mid July 2013. A total of over 12 hours for luminance (Hydrogen-alpha) and 4.5 hours for OIII and SII blended with the Ha, RGB=HOS. Mainly 15 minute subs, using Baader narrowband filters (around 7nm). This is in fact a mosaic of two image sets taken with the QSI683wsg on the little TS65 Quad telescope, which has certainly proved itself here! This image appeared in the September 2013 issue of Astronomy Now magazine. Large Size (900 KB)

 

The tail of Comet C/2011 L4 PANSTARRS has now thinned out, and there is a noticeable 'anti-tail'. Bernhard Hubl from Austria posted these links of his superb images on the SBIG user group: Closeup Wide field Details are on his web site.. I decided to have a go myself on 2nd June 2013 under clear skies, but at my Northern latitude with astronomical twilight and light pollution I was pretty well doomed to failure. Got something tho', so here it is. 5 x 5 minute subs (I ran out of time - had difficulty locating it so near the Pole), Canon 350D ISO800 200 mm old style (M42) lens at f7. The tail points almost due North, the brightest two stars are (bottom to top) epsilon UMi and delta UMi (the two fourth magnitude stars in Ursa Minor nearest to Polaris). It was the asterism around delta that finally helped me position the comet. Large image

 

NGC4731 is a disturbed barred galaxy in Virgo. On my 'must do' list for a couple of years. Rather low from my location, never rising above 28 degrees altitude, quite faint at magnitude 11.5, and being a late Spring object with light nights approaching, limited time to collect data. This was not helped by the appalling weather this year, but eventually I managed to collect enough data, some at the end of March, finishing off in early May! Even so generally the sky was a bit hazy, so the image is more noisy' than I would like. But it's such a beautiful and interesting galaxy I think it was worth the effort. Luminance 11 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on Meade 12" at f10 (approx. 3200mm focal length). Full Size

Very mixed weather lately here in NE England but 3rd April was obviously going to be the best from this part of the UK for this shot, so I travelled a few miles to a dark location with a clear low northern horizon near Redesmouth, Northumberland. With this result. The comet is now circumpolar, but by full dark was never above 11 degrees altitude and rapidly fell to 6. So even with clear air was in the murk. Those in the North of Scotland or Norway will get the best views. The tail is large and diffuse - interesting but disappointing in a way. Modded Canon 350D with 200 mm (old style M42 thread) lens at f8. 8 x 5 minute subs on my EQ3-2 mount, guided with a Lodestar and a 300 mm mirror lens. Stacked with Deep Sky Stacker, final processing in Photoshop. Cropped from the original to cut out amp glow in the corner. Amusingly one of my subs was ruined by what I assume was a passing Police car. Must have spotted my red head torch, stopped on the road outside the gate and pointed a spotlight straight up the lens! A frantic cry of 'Put that light out' was too late. They just drove on, but I have a nice white sub! Larger image

The evening of 16th March was blessed with very clear air. Although there were clouds around it was clear right down to the western horizon with very little glow. I found Comet Panstarrs easily in binoculars, and lined up my red dot finder fixed to my Canon camera with the help of a passing cloud for location. Then because the camera was mounted on my driven EQ3-2 mount, it kept the comet nicely in the field of view of the 400 L lens. Several shots, but this was the best of the bunch - as the comet lowered so the sky darkened, and at last it was indeed a naked eye object. Only 4 degrees above the horizon for this shot, and going from the star positions I reckon the tail is at least 1 degree long. The medium size image (click on the thumbnail) has 'mouseover' identification and exposure details. This image appeared in the May 2013 issue of Astronomy Now magazine. Larger image

There is a rather nice grouping of edge on galaxies (and numerous smaller ones of various types) in Virgo. Of the three larger ones 10th magnitude NGC 4216 is the biggest and brightest - in the centre of the image. Above is 13th mag. NGC 4222 and below is 12th mag. NGC 4206. the other galaxy of note towards the bottom right corner is 12th mag NGC 4193. I acquired initial data on March 11th 2013 at Kielder after capturing colour data for Barnard 22 (below), then finished off at home on March 13th. Luminance 24 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 10 minutes. All binned 1x1. QSI683wsg on Meade 127 refractor at f7.5 with SX AO unit. Larger size

Comet C/2011 L4 PANSTARRS was set to grace our Northern skies after it rounded the Sun in March 2013. Forecast to be potentially a naked eye bright comet. But certainly its initial appearance was disappointing. I was hoping for a substantial tail stretching up towards the beautiful thin crescent Moon. But low in the western sky shortly after sunset on 13th March it was lost in the sky glow. Visible in binoculars, but small and faint. This photo was a 2 second exposure with my Canon 350D camera at 50 mm focal length. The comet is just visible below the clouds in the centre. Larger size

The imaging situation at home has been disastrous this winter, What a lousy season, particularly here in the North East UK. I started this image at the beginning of January. Then on 1st March got some more data. Nothing in between, due partly to other engagements on the rare occasions the sky was clear, and of course the almost total lack of clear nights anyway! Still just monochrome. And this target which is situated in Taurus just above the Hyades is soon going to have to wait until next season. It's dark nebula Barnard 22. Imaged 13 x 15 minute subs, QSI 683 wsg on TS65 Quad scope. So if we don't get a clear early evening before the Moon comes back, it's going to stay monochrome for a while! Larger size.

My annual spring stay at Kielder was blessed (!) with snow and cloud for most of the weekend. But Monday 11th March cleared for a few hours and I was finally able to obtain another luminance sub and colour data. RGB each 5 x 10 minute subs binned 2x2, QSI 683 on TS65 quad. Larger size

During my visit to Tasmania in February 2013 I had hoped to do some imaging of the deep Southern Milky Way and several of the interesting targets there. Alas the weather was unkind - despite wall to wall sunshine during the day every evening at the dark site clouded over after Sunset. I only managed 2 frames under clear skies one evening and this is the result. 15th February, 2 x 10 minutes (the second started to cloud over half way through - just visible as a haze around the SMC) using my Canon 350D and Tamron 17-50 mm f2.8 zoom lens at 17 mm and f5.6. Unguided on my EQ3-2 mount. The medium size image (click on the thumbnail) has 'mouseover' names for several objects. Larger image with names here. (I didn't notice the comet near the Small MagellanicCloud until June 2013!) This image appeared in the August 2013 issue of Sky at Night magazine. Full Size (2.1 MB!)

On 18th February there was an occultation of Jupiter by the Moon. Not visible in the UK, but I managed to observe and capture it from our location despite tree branches and clouds. I had to keep moving the mount to avoid branches, and unfortunately the focus shifted slightly so the field stars and moons of Jupiter are not the pinpoints of earlier but partially obscured attempts. But worth keeping! Canon 350D with Canon 400L Lens, single 2 second exposure at f5.6 and ISO 100. Just enough Earthshine to see the unlit part of the Moon. The star which has emerged from Occultation (top left) is 5th magnitude Omega Tauri. This image appeared in the April 2013 issue of Astronomy Now magazine. Full Size

As Autumn took hold, on 12th October 2012 I decided to revisit NGC 6888 - the Crescent Nebula in Cygnus. But it is still work in progress. Already 21x 10 minute H-alpha subs, but still a bit noisy. And too low and turbulent when I started on the SII and OIII. QSI 683 binned 2x2 with Baader H-alpha filter on Meade 12" at 2600 mm fl. Full size Weather and other engagements prevented me collecting futher data on this early evening target until early December! But finally on 5th, even though I had to go out I managed to get just enough. So here is the colour version. Luminance from above, Colour Ha, OIII, SII as RGB. 7 x 10 minutes OIII, 3 x 10 minutes SII. The OIII (green) exaggerated to just show part of the extended shell. I will return next season hopefully to improve the detection of the faint outer shell. Full Size

IC 405 - the Flaming Star nebula in Auriga is a nice narrowband target, and after several weeks of poor weather I eventually was able to gather a substantial amount of data on 21st and 23rd November 2012. So this image consists of 27 x 10 minutes H-alpha for luminance and 9 x 10 minutes each OIII and SII combined with H-a for colour. RGB = HOS. All subs binned 2x2, QSI 683 on TS 65 Quad refractor (420 mm focal length). Full size

For the winter season 2112-13 The Sky at Night BBC TV program introduced a 'Moore Winter Marathon' suggesting numerous targets for both direct visual and telescope observation. Some of these were in Taurus, and since Jupiter was beautifully placed near the Hyades cluster I took this wide field image. Canon 350D at 40 mm focal length, 8 x 8 minutes at f7.1 in the early hours of 12th November. Click on the thumbnail for a larger image with 'mouseover ' names for some objects. Those with numbers after them are Moore Marathon targets. Full size (no names, 800 KB) This image appeared on the March 2013 'Sky at Night 'Magazine Disc Hotshots section, and a crop of the Hyades area featured on the January 2017 'Sky at Night' TV programme. And full size with names

Comet 168P Hergenrother brightened suddenly in early October 2012, and although it had faded somewhat was still an easy target on 12th October when I visited it after giving up on NGC 6888 (above). This monochrome offering consists of 20 x 2 minute sub exposures combined by first stacking on the stars (which blurred the comet) then stacking on the comet and pasting the aligned comet from that result onto the star field, overlaying the blurred version. Doesn't always work, but this time looks ok. The little galaxy to the right of the comet is PGC 72751. QSI 683 binned 2x2 on Meade 12" at 2600 mm fl. Full size

These are animated GIFs of the comet's progress across the star field for approximately 40 minutes, one with the image aligned on the stars, one on the comet. Click on the appropriate image for larger (around 800KB) versions

I said below in my wide field image of NGC 7331 and Stephan's Quintet that I must get a close up this season. No time like the present! The night of 21st September was beautifully clear, so I set to. The seeing was not as good as I would have liked, but I was able with processing to tease out a fair bit of detail. QSI 683 with SX AO on Meade 12" LX200ACF at 2600 mm focal length. (I could have gone for a longer fl, but that would have left out the corner galaxy and with the mediocre seeing not gained any advantage). Luminance 14 x 15 minutes, RGB each 6 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. This image appeared in the February 2013 Sky at Night magazine 'Hotshots'. (Disc only - no magazine images due to Sir Patrick Moore Obituary and articles) Larger image

On returning home from Kelling Heath on 18th September, I was blessed with a clear night. And decided to image Barnard 142 - Barnard's 'E' dark nebula in Aquila. A fairly large object, nicely framed using the QSI683 and TS65 Quad. So many stars! And because of the amount of data the full size image file is really too large to post here. But this larger size shows plenty of detail. The glow lower left is the magnitude 2.7 star Tarazed just out of frame. Luminance 8 x 10 minutes, RGB each 7 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. Larger Size This was Picture of the Month in the December 2012 issue of Astronomy Now

While at Kelling Heath, I purchased a Teleskop Service TS65 Quad refractor from Modern Astronomy. This little instrument has a built in field flattener. And it works beautifully! First light using the QSI 683 camera on 16th September was Messier 33 - the 'Pinwheel' Galaxy in Triangulum. Slight blurring of stars in the bottom left corner, but I suspect this may have been due to slight camera tilt - my next image, Barnard 142 above, is very satisfactory! I captured the Luminance at Kelling, but had to wait until back home for the colour information (captured after completing Barnard 142). Luminance 20 x 10 minutes, RGB each 7 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. Larger Size

I already have a fairly wide field image of NGC7331 and close up of Stephan's Quintet in Pegasus, but not in the same frame, and during the 2012 Autumn Star Camp at Kelling Heath I decided to capture them using my QSI 683 and Meade 127 refractor, with this pleasing result. Numerous small distant galaxies visible on the full size image. I must get a close up of 7331 this season! 14th September 2012. Luminance 10 x 15 minutes, RGB each 7 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. Starlight Xpress AO unit also used for this image. Full size

Several attractive prominences and some active areas with small spots on 2nd September 2012. Artemis 285 with Solarscope50

Over a week or so I'd been experimenting with my QSI 683 and Canon 400 f5.6L camera lens. I chose the Double Cluster (NGC 869 and 884) in Perseus for the rich star field to check the performance of the lens. I hadn't managed to get colour data due to clouds, but the night of 30th August 2012 was crystal clear, so despite the bright almost full Moon I had another go with this result. I did have to crop it a bit - over the different nights there was some misalignment, but in the original it was round stars almost to the edges. I used an external mask to reduce the f-ratio to approximately 7.1 - this prevents starburst which would otherwise occur due to the diaphragm blades. Luminance 18 x 2 minutes, RGB each 8 x 2 minutes. Full size (950 KB)

Some years since I imaged Messier 57 - the well known 'Ring' planetary nebula. So I decided to give the QSI camera a look, at full resolution on August 22nd 2012. Unfortunately the seeing was poor, but mild deconvolution improved the slightly misshapen stars and general detail. QSI 683wsg on Meade 12" at 3200 mm focal length. Luminance 12 x 5 minutes, RGB each 4 x 5 minutes. Close up (cropped from full size)

I've been after this for a while, and finally got it. Imaged over a couple of nights around 20th August - plagued by cloud, guiding problems and frost on the sensor! But eventually it all came together. The Cocoon nebula (IC 5146) in Cygnus with the 'tail' of dust and gas forming the dark nebula Barnard 168. QSI683wsg with Lodestar on WO ZS66 with WO 0.8 reducer, cropped to lose distorted corners.. Luminance 8 x 10 minutes, RGB each 5 x 5 minutes, all binned 1x1. Full size (1 MB)

What a dismal end to last season and a pretty dismal summer. But at last, with a decently dark sky albeit a last quarter Moon I was able to fire up my QSI and do some imaging. Two beautifully clear nights on 8th and 9th August - despite the Moon I could nicely see the Milky Way. Narrow band was the order of the nights, and I decided to go for NGC 7635 - the well known and much imaged Bubble Nebula in Cassiopeia. Not much imaged by me however, my last visit was 6 years ago! 16 x 10 mins Ha for Luminance, HOS Palette using the Ha and 5 x 10 mins each OIII and SII, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on 12" Meade at 2600 mm. Full size

The beautiful weather at the beginning of June soon deteriorated, but we had a short stay booked in Venice. Even there although we had some long clear periods there were a couple of days which had thunderstorms for a few hours. On 12th June we had walked to the northern edge of the city to catch a boat to the Island of Murano, had to shelter on the way as a thunderstorm and torrential rain passed over, and arrived at the quayside just as a tornado from the same storm cloud hit the island of St. Erasmus about 3 miles away. The Island is predominantly agricultural and sustained severe damage to crops as well as buildings, boats and vehicles, but fortunately no one was seriously injured. This was the first tornado in the Venice area since 1970, when a vaporetto (water bus) sank with the loss of 21 lives. Panasonic TZ5, zoomed approx x5. Larger size I took a video with my camera after the stills. The funnel was starting to break up by then, but you get some idea of the scale as I zoom out. Lots of people stopped to take pics! This version of the video is much reduced in screen size but is still 4.4 MB, mp4 format. (The original high quality .mov file is 185 MB!) Here.

After snatching a few hours sleep following the final capture of M63 below, I was off for a two week touring (motor caravan) holiday in Northern Scotland. Wonderful weather for almost the whole time, and despite the twilit nights I hoped for an Aurora. Not to be, but on the very last night I was rewarded with my first noctilucent cloud for two years. Taken from the Onich (about 10 miles South of Fort William) Caravan Club site looking North over Loch Linnhe. The brightest star is Capella, the green light the lighthouse! 1st June 2012, single frame, Panasonic TZ5 'consumer' camera, 'Starry Sky' setting, 15 seconds at f3.3 and ISO 100 with built in noise reduction. Larger size

Messier 63, the flocculent 'Sunflower' galaxy in Canes Venatici has been elusive on the occasions when I have attempted to image it, and this time was no exception. But over the nights of 15th and 20th May 2012 I managed to collect just enough data for a reasonable image, although somewhat seeing limited, and also in Astronomical twilight. So although not quite what I'd hoped for, nevertheless my best attempt so far. 11 x 10 minutes Luminance, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 with Baader filters and SX AO unit on 12" LX200ACF at 2600 mm fl. Full Size

There was a fine conjunction of Venus with the Pleiades on the night of 5th April 2012. But so bright in comparison! Stack of 5 x 5 minute subs with darks, Canon 350D with Canon 400L prime lens and f7 round mask. The mask is to reduce diffraction spikes, but it would appear that I've either got diffraction circles (!) or multiple internal reflections. A strange effect! This image appeared in the June 2012 issue of Astronomy Now magazine. Larger image.

This was from Kielder on the night of 25th March. Comet Garradd with its interesting tails. I wanted to capture as much of the tails as possible, so ended up with 40 x 5 minute subs! All monochrome, QSI 683 binned 2x2 on ZS66 with MkII reducer flattener. With the big 8300 chip, still not fully flattened, but just acceptable. I stacked all 40 aligned on the comet head, giving the first image. Unfortunately even median combination didn't lose the stars altogether, but the tails show up well. The second image is aligned on the stars. In that case the comet was just a pale fuzz, so I overlaid the comet from the first pic (using Lighten in Photoshop). Gives some idea of the relation to the star field. I'm going to do an animation, but need more time. Scaled from my image, the (ion?) tail into the corner is at least 8 million kilometres long!

One from 18th and 21stMarch 2012, and my first Galaxy shot with my QSI camera. So far processed LRGB. I've got some H-alpha data, but need more, and later nights the seeing was atrocious - I can't remember when I've seen it so bad. Usually with a stable High it's good. Not that time - I don't know whether it was the jet stream or thermals from the ground in the cooling night after the hot day. Also screwing up my attempts to capture M95 >:( And now the Moon is brightening. What a terrible season it's been :( Anyway here it is. Messier 82 in Ursa Major. Luminance 21 x 10 minutes, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes, all binned 2x2. QSI 683 on 12" LX200R OTA at f8 with SX AO unit. Slight ovality on the stars. This happened a year or two ago (with a different camera) and I managed to get rid of it, but it seems to have returned. Specific to my 12", and appears on focus frames, so not a guiding problem. Sometimes altering the mirror lock tension and final mirror focus direction helps, but tricky. I guess I need to check the collimation, but with the seeing at the moment, no chance! Large size

After a spell of inclement weather (at least for deep sky astrophotography with long exposures - too many occasional clouds, a clear late evening on 13th April 2012 gave me the opportunity to collect another 3 hours or so of Hydrogen-alpha data to add to the above and show the extent of the huge outbursts from this active galaxy. So with 14 x 20 minutes of H-a, here is the result. This image featured in The Sky at Night BBC TV programme, August 2012 Full size

Mars becomes a bright object every 2 years or so, and March 2012 sees its closest approach of the apparition. Not particularly close this time around, reaching approximately 14 arc-seconds maximum size. Seeing is rarely good enough for me to obtain good planetary images, and the night of 5th March was no exception! But after capturing the colour data for Melotte 15 I gave it a go with this result. At least some surface features are visible as indicated. Toucam on 12" ACF with 3x Barlow, approximately 450 out of 900 sub frames combined.

Melotte 15 I think is the correct name for this. It's the cluster surrounding the beautiful column of gas and dust within the Heart nebula in Cassiopeia. I was away from home for a week, and I believe only missed one clear night, but on my return Saturday 18th February 2012 was a beauty, so despite having been up since 4 am, just *had* to image! Didn't help that I'd cracked a rib while away, but that's another story .... I'd never imaged this before, and hoped to get colour data the following night, but as usual the advance weather forecast got it wrong - the clouds arrived at Hexham earlier than expected . So for now it's monochrome. Typically there's a nice version in the March 2012 Astronomy Now, so I've missed the boat there as well . QSI 683, Meade 12" ACF OTA at 2600mm (AP67 reducer) and SX AO unit. 16 x 20 minutes unbinned, Baader H-a filter.

After a number of interrupted sessions due to clouds, and a couple of 'other engagements' I finally managed to complete capturing colour data on 5th March 2012. Although there was a bright Moon, the sky was very clean and the narrow band filters did their stuff! So here is the final image, 'Hubble Palette' version. QSI 683 on Meade LX200R OTA with AP67 reducer. Luminance as above, SHO as RGB, SII, Ha, OIII, all Baader filters, each 10 x 10 minutes binned 2x2. Larger image

Much of January and early February 2012 were cursed with cloudy nights although a persistent ridge of High Pressure brought cold but bright days in early February. So no opportunity for deep sky imaging. Unfortunately I missed a couple of Aurora shows in late January. But the Sun on 8th February although lacking in active regions likely to produce aurorae showed some beautiful prominences and filaments. Artemis 285 on Solarscope 50. Disc at prime focus, closeups with 2x Barlow.

Still getting used to my QSI 683, and thought NGC 1499 the California nebula deserved attention to see what the little pixels could do for this large object in H-alpha. This version with a William Optics ZS66. Even with the WO Mk 2 reducer/flattener the edge stars are unfortunately distorted although it doesn't look too bad at a reduced scale. A clear night at first on 23rd January 2012, but a weather front was approaching, expected around midnight. Going from the Skymap chart I expected to get it all in comfortably at the reduced focal length of approx. 310 mm. Not so! Quite a bit missing. Maybe it's on with the WS cover and a 200 mm camera lens. Anyway I still need colour - the clouds rolled in earlier than expected, around 2230, so that was that. QSI683wsg, Baader 6nm Ha filter, 10 x 20 minute subs. Larger size

January 15th saw first light of my new QSI camera. Well, almost first light, a few tests on earlier nights to get my new kit up and running. I'm still struggling with reducer/flatteners - the chip distance from the front of the assembly is markedly different from my SBIG camera. But I'm sure I will prevail! Anyway, after weeks of terrible weather at last we had a fantastic clear frosty winter night. Pity the Moon rose around 11.30 pm. But before it did I managed to capture data for M45, and afterwards narrow band for the 'Jellyfish' nebula IC443 in Gemini. That one is still work in progress needs more H-alpha data (still a bit noisy) then OII and SIII to colour it. So. M45, Luminance 7 x 10 minutes (would have taken more but I'd been playing around with the configuration, and I needed to leave time for the RGB data before the Moon rose). RGB each 5 x 5 minutes binned 2x2. QSI 683 WSG-8 with Lodestar guide camera on Meade 127 refractor with William Optics 0.8 Mk II reducer. Large size

IC 443 is a Supernova remnant in Gemini, just East of 3rd. magnitude eta Geminorum. Although the magnitude is listed as 12, it is quite large at 50 x 40 arc-minutes, so the surface brightness is low, making it a difficult target in skies that are not completely dark. On 15th I got 10 x 20 minutes H-alpha. Same optics. Then on 16th I got a bit more Luminance and some colour of IC443. So here is the SHO (Hubble Palette) version. The halos round eta Geminorum are probably reflections between the filter and reducer - hardly surprising as it's a 3rd magnitude star! But not unpleasant IMHO 16 x 20 minutes Ha luminance, RGB each 7 x 5 minute binned 2x2 SII, Ha, OIII. Large size (660KB)

Jupiter has been big and bright this Autumn, but as usual my sky conditions have been dismal - poor seeing when there weren't clouds! But on the evening of 7th December 2011 the shadow of Io was due to pass across the GRS during its transit. Too good to miss, and a clear evening was forecast. Alas as usual the forecasters got it wrong - a weather front approached earlier than expected, and several swathes of cloud limited the sequence to only a few frames. The seeing was absolutely atrocious, worsening as the weather deteriorated. I'd hoped someone would have had better conditions than me, but I haven't seen anything on the 'net. But at least I got something, so here is the animated GIF. Each (half size when clicked on the thumbnail) frame made up of around 500 to 600 subs, Toucam on 12" Meade LX200ACF OTA. Unfortunately very poor quality due to the bad conditions.

A couple of nights later (December 9th) conditions were a little better though far from ideal. This shot shows the Great Red Spot, without a moon shadow this time, but with Ganymede in the frame. Again several hundred sub frames, Toucam on 12" LX200 ACF

NGC 6823 in Vulpecula is an open cluster with surrounding nebulosity and interesting dark lanes. The nebulosity is classified as Sharpless 86. But it proved to be elusive due to a run of very poor weather. For H-alpha I had 4 barely usable subs from Kielder on 28th October. Then a further 12 in better conditions on 1st November. But I had to wait until 22nd November to get OIII and SII data. Not a very bright area, so still a bit noisy in the darker sections - needs more time in H-alpha. But that's it for this year! SBIG ST-10XME on Meade 127 refractor (950 mm fl). Luminance 12 x 20 minutes H-alpha, also used for Red. GB each 8 x 10 minutes OIII and SII binned 2x2. Full size

I don't often do planetary imaging - my location in the lee of the Northern Pennines rarely has good enough seeing. And the night of 27th October 2011 was no exception. So the lack of fine detail is reflected in the image. But Jupiter is so big and high at the moment I just had to give it a try! 1200 frames (2 minutes worth) captured in K3CCDTools, stack of 600 frames in Registax, finished in Photoshop. Toucam on 12" Meade ACF with 3x Barlow.

Here is Sharpless 199, the 'Soul' or 'Embryo' emission nebula in Cassiopeia, also showing the nearby smaller Sharpless 198 (below) and Sharpless 20 (left edge). The data was collected over 4 nights - notwithstanding narrow band the background was affected by moonlight, so I had to grab what I could before it rose too high. And of course our usual UK clouds limited the number of nights recently available. Final batch of data on October 19th 2011. SBIG ST-10XME camera, Canon 400L camera lens at approximately f7 with narrowband filters. Luminance 27 x 10 minutes Hydrogen-alpha, RGB each 7 x 10 minutes H-a, Oxygen III and Sulphur II. The camera lens was stopped down from f5.6 to approx. f7 using an external mask to prevent 'starburst' spikes. But if I had not used the mask I expect it would have looked something like this version - spikes added using Star Spikes Pro. The lens produces 8 point spikes, (see here) and on this occasion the artificial ones nicely mask those produced by the microlenses on the CCD chip, so it is the image I prefer. Full size (850KB) This image features in the 'Hotshots' section of the March 2012 'Sky at Night' magazine CD

The night of 29th September was again clear although with slight mist. The larger nebula is Sharpless 157, also known as the 'Claw' nebula in Cassiopeia. The well known Bubble nebula (NGC7635) embedded within Sharpless 162 bottom left. Top left is Sharpless 158 (NGC7538) and centre left Sharpless 159. The bright cluster top centre is NGC 7510. Narrowband, ST10 on the Meade 80 refractor with 0.7 reducer. Luminance Ha 15 x 10 minutes, RGB each Ha, OIII,SII, 7 x 10 minutes. North is left in this image. Full size (900Kb)

Data was collected for this image on two nights - 22nd (at Kelling Heath Star Party) and 28th September. This is Sharpless 101 - the 'Tulip' Nebula in Cygnus. Narrowband imaging with the ST-10 on the Meade 127 refractor. Luminance from Hydrogen-alpha, 25 x 5 minute sub frames. 10 minute subs would have been preferable, but the bright stars in the heart of the nebula bloomed badly at that exposure. RGB each Ha, OIII, SII, 9 x 5 minutes. North is up in this image. Full size (570Kb)

The 28th September 2011 was a beautiful day - we were having an 'Indian Summer'. And Sunspot group AR 11302 was nicely positioned in the centre of the Sun. Not a huge spot, but the area of activity was considerable. There had been Auroral activity two nights before - possibly this spot was the progenitor. Artemis 285 on Solarscope 50 (cropped from the full frame.) This image featured in The Sky at Night BBC TV programme, August 2012

And a close up of the spot, Artemis 285 on Solarscope50 with 3x Barlow. Full Size This image appeared in the 'Hotshots' section of the February 2012 Sky at Night magazine

A bright supernova in Galaxy Messier 101 was first discovered on 25th August 2011 and brightened steadily over the ensuing weeks. I didn't hear about it until after I obtained the Comet Garradd image (below) - I would have been after the SN as well, although the weather would probably have stopped me! And no more clear spells at night until 10th September by which time an almost full Moon was washing out the sky. Still clouds about and the target heading rapidly behind a neighbour's tree (to be felled a week later - yesss!). But I managed 9 x 5 minute monochrome subs, ST-10XME on the Meade 127. Same framing as my image in March 2011, and I was able to add colour from that image and produce a 'blinking' GIF. But much lower in the sky this time and the moonlight produced a low contrast washed out image. Still time for another go after the Moon is out of the way. Not worth a full size image. The SN is classified type 1a, named SN 2011fe. It reached a brightness between 9th and 10th magnitude - extremely powerful at the distance of M101 - approximately 24 million light years.

A little window of clear sky just after the Moon rose on17th Sept, so with darker sky around M101 a crisper image than a week ago, tho' still affected by moonlight. Next week with the intrusive tree gone and the Moon out of the way I'll try again for a better one, weather permitting! SBIG ST-10 with Meade 127 refractor, colour from my March image. 11 x 5 minute subs. Full size

On 2nd September 2011 comet P1 Garradd was due to pass close to the 'hook' of Collinder 33 - the Coathanger asterism. But the forecast for that night (and those either side) was dismal, and unfortunately proved to be correct for my part of the country. However the weather did relent briefly on the evening of 30th August, and I was able to get a wide field image of the comet and Coathanger prior to the close encounter. 10 x 5 minute exposures with my Canon 350D camera and a 200 mm camera lens. Larger image. This image appeared in the Gallery section of the November 2011 Astronomy Now magazine, and again (cropped) in the April 2012 'Sky Diary' section

M71 in Sagitta was long a subject of discussion as to whether it is a globular or open cluster. But it would seem that the powers that be eventually decided it is a globular. Rather sparse, and not often imaged. BUT Comet P1 Garradd passed within 10 arc-minutes of its centre around 2300 UST (UK midnight) on Friday 26th August. A little to the right of the two bright stars at the middle of the left hand edge of this image. I was at the Dalby Forest star camp hoping for a clear night. Alas it was one of the wettest days and evenings of all the star camps over several years! But prior to that I realised I'd never myself imaged the globular, and the night of 22nd August 2011 was the first clear dark night for ages - at my latitude it was only then that I was back into full darkness, and there had been an awful lot of cloud around in recent weeks. With the presence of a bright last quarter Moon precluding faint fuzzies, and still limited time, I decided to image M71 to add to my collection. ST-10XME with AO-8 on 12" Meade LX200ACF at f7. Luminance 20 x 2 minutes, RGB each 8 x 2 minutes. Darks and Flats applied. North is left (I needed to position it that way for a bright guide star). Full size.

I was out imaging on 3rd. June, getting a test image of M63 following collimation problems with my Meade 127. At the time I hadn't heard about the supernova in M51, or of course that would have been my target! When eventually it came to light ;-) the clouds returned, and them along with a bright Moon on occasions when the clouds thinned put me well out of action. But a couple of reasonably clear nights on 28th and 30th June 2011, so at last I got SN 2011DH SBIG ST4000XCM on Meade 12" LX200R at f7. 8 x 10 minutes and 6 x 15 minutes. Of course at my latitude of 55 degrees, I get no better than Nautical twilight, so the image lacks contrast and despite a fair bit of processing is still a bit noisy. Not a patch on my early April image . Just think if the SN had happened 2 months earlier....

And here is an animated GIF showing the supernova blinking against the earlier image. (Click on the pic for full size).

Another shot for the ST4000XCM on the Meade 127, this time a wide field of the well known Messier 63 - the Sunflower galaxy in Canes Venatici. Again early hours due to limited darkness, only astronomical twilight, this time 23rd May 2011, and only 6 frames x 15 minutes. Revisit planned for early 2012! Full size

NGC 188 is an interesting open cluster situated in Cepheus, only 5 degrees from the North Celestial Pole. There are several bright stars in the vicinity,, so this was one for the ST4000XCM. Also quite large, so the Meade 127 refractor was used for this image. 9 sub frames x 10 minutes (with AO-8 guiding) in the early hours of 21st May 2011. Astronomical twilight. Full size

After a few days of very welcome cloud and rain, with twilight and a waxing Moon on a clear night on 8th April 2011, I decided to try for a decent image of Albireo, the beautiful double star in Cygnus. ST4000XCM of course to avoid blooming, and two different fields of view - one with the 400 mm Canon lens and one with the 12" Meade LX200ACF at f 10 (3m fl). Seeing was very poor, but the close up responded reasonably well to deconvolution. Wide field 22 x 1 minute subs, close up 30 x 1 minute subs. Full size wide field Full size close up This image featured in the June '2011 'Sky at Night' television program.

Magnitude 10.6 NGC 4651 (Arp 189) in Coma Berenices sports tidal tails both 'ends' of the galaxy, one in particular of a most interesting shape. I first saw an image of this here, and of course it prompted me to tackle it. What a struggle. I don't have New Mexico skies and 7000 feet of altitude! Although I had a run of fine weather, the nights towards the end of April 2011 were occasionally hazy, with only two or three really clear, and even then they sometimes clouded over early with an Easterly wind. And of course only 2 to 3 hours of full darkness to play with. Anyway, I eventually managed to capture 22 Luminance frames x 20 minutes and 6 each RGB x 10 minutes binned 2x2. SBIG ST10XME on 12" LX200ACF with AO-8 at f7. Some had to be scrapped due to passing cloud. And it seemed to be Clapham junction for bright satellites - no less than 3 Luminance and 3 colour subs were badly affected. And the tails were so faint that to show them meant a noisy final image and patchy colour. When I think of all the nice bright targets around....But here it is (full size), and one of the satellite subs (calibrated and reduced of course).

ON 12th April 2011 the Sun displayed a number of interesting features. A couple of beautiful prominences and some active areas and filaments. Unfortunately I omitted to insert a 'Moon' filter for the prime focus disc image and the chip bloomed slightly, hence the rather bright area at the top of the image. I would have re taken the photo, but by the time I found out what had happened, the clouds arrived!   Disc at prime focus, prominences with 2x Barlow. Artemis 285 on Solarscope SV50. All single 'best' frames hand picked from several.

The last time I imaged the globular cluster Messier 3 in Canes Venatici was in June 2003 with my MX716 camera. Long overdue for a re visit. And the night of 12th April 2011 was nice and clear, so despite the brightening Moon the contrasty bright target wasn't unduly affected by the Moonlight. And a pleasant change for me from trying to tease out invisible structures around faint galaxies! SBIG ST-10XME with AO_8 on 12" LX200ACF OTA at f10. Luminance 12 x 5 minutes, RGB each 6 x 5 minutes. Full size This image appeared in the Astronomy Now June Facebook gallery

Alas light nights are fast approaching in April, particularly at my 55 degree latitude. The end of April is the last string of full dark nights (and then only for 2 or 3 hours) until the end of August. (Early August only an hour or so for a handful of nights). So unless the end of the month has some clear nights, that's the end of faint fuzzies for me for some time. But the night of 7th April 2011 was looking pretty good as the early high haze gradually faded. And I went for a very interesting galaxy, the starburst NGC 3310 (Arp 217) in Ursa Major. Almost at the zenith, so a good opportunity. Inspired by Adam Block's superb image, I set to. OK, I don't have a 32" 'scope, 9000 feet of altitude and Arizona sky, so can't really compete. But disappointingly the seeing was only around 5.5 fwhm, and even more annoyingly before I got any colour data, at 2 am the clouds rolled in. Scotland got some, there was a big fat one right over me. But the rest of England, Wales, Ireland, France and Spain were pristine. I don't beleeve it!! So I guess it's work in progress until early 2012. Anyway, here's what I did get. Not worth posting the full size. There are also some large 'doughnuts' in the image, possibly due to the bright 5th magnitude star out of frame at the top of the picture. It was an excellent guide star for the dual chip camera, but may end up ruining any chance of a better image. SBIG ST-10XME with AO-8, 12" LX200ACF at f10 on Gemini mount. 12 x 15 minute subs.

Added later! Fortunately the weather at the end of April relented, and over 5 nights I was able to get a lot more data for this interesting galaxy. Seeing improved, and although the sky was a little hazy on the night I obtained the colour frames, it came out ok - the bright starburst regions shone through the murk! Still slightly 'noisy', but that's the UK skies for you! The faint blue arc at the top of the image is definitely down to the bright star (a great guide star!) out of the frame. Luminance 12 x 15 minutes + 16 x 20 minutes. RGB each 6 x 10 minutes binned 2x2, optics as above. Full size This image appeared in the Astronomy Now June Facebook gallery

A long time since I imaged Messier 51 - the wonderful 'Whirlpool' galaxy in Canes Venatici. There's a really bright guide star to one side, perfectly placed for my ST-4000XCM on the 12" LX200ACF with 0.7 reducer. So I gave it some attention on the night of 4th April. 9 x 20 minute subs, darks and flats applied. I would have liked more, but the skies clouded over, and it was anyway slightly hazy, so I didn't pick up the outlying 'mist'. Maybe 20 x 30 minute subs next season.... Full size

March 21st 2011 saw a lot of activity on the Sun with some magnificent prominences and a large active region containing a small spot. The main prominence group measured approximately 172600 miles (276000 Km) across and 34000 miles (54400 Km) high. Puts the 7960 mile (12740 Km) diameter Earth into perspective! Single frames chosen as best from a selection, Artemis 285 with solarscope SV50. Prominence with 2x Barlow.

The 2011 Kielder Forest Spring Star Party took place over the weekend 5th/6th March. I was staying a few miles South at Calvert Trust, and unfortunately the Saturday night was clouded out. Sunday and Monday nights saw a few hours of clear skies, but with thickening freezing mist and occasional passing clouds. I only tried to image one subject, using my SBIG ST4000XCM on M101 through my Meade 127 refractor. The hope was to well define the faint extensions, hence the use of the 127 for the wider field of view. But the haze affected the contrast, so not as clear as I'd hoped. Heigh Ho... Anyway here it is, 15 x 20 minute subs. Full size

What a beautiful night on Sunday 13th March 2011. Wonderfully clear - a sky full of stars. Typical of course that it should be accompanied by a bright first quarter Moon. If only we'd had those conditions the previous Sunday at Kielder! I was out earlier, but when I got home set to with my ST-10 to get some luminance data, the idea being to use the colour from the Kielder one-shot-colour effort above. And despite the bright Moon it came out quite well, helped by the excellent conditions and the position near the zenith. There's a pretty circlet of stars bottom right corner which I'd never noticed before. Luminance 13 x 10 minutes with the ST-10XME, colour 15 x 20 minutes with the ST-4000XCM in the misty condition last weekend at Kielder. All with the Meade 127 refractor. Full size

A late start on the night of 27th February, but several luminance subs captured before cloud rolled in. The next night starry but too hazy to image, but 1st March was a cracker until mist arrived at 4 am. Poor seeing on both nights, but good clarity and a bright guide star for this interesting galaxy, NGC 3938 in Ursa Major. Magnitude 10.4 but the outer regions are quite faint. The way the multiple spiral arms spread out into a hazy circle puts me in mind of a fisherman's net when it is flung with a twisting motion. SBIG ST10XME with AO-8 on 12" LX200ACF OTA at f10. Luminance 19 x 15 minutes, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes binned 2x2. Full size

This is the result of a challenge by Paul Jenkins! Small, faint and green. No, not Paul, but this interesting object next to the mag. 15 galaxy IC2497, beautifully imaged by the Hubble ST. And with more time I daresay I'd have a better image. But this will have to do for now. 26th February 2011. ST-10XME with AO-8 on 12" LX200ACF OTA at f10. 9 x 20 minutes Luminance, RGB each 4 x 10 minutes. A bit of passing cloud for some of the colour frames. Nice bright guide star, so the Luminance AO-8 rate was 11Hz - helped to overcome mediocre seeing. Full size.  Full size crop, North is up, Need darker steadier skies and lots more time. In England? - fat chance! This image appeared in the May 2011 Astronomy Now magazine Gallery, and again as the April 2012 issue 'Deep Sky Challenge'

After a prolonged solar minimum with only occasional 'burps' it seems as though the Sun is at last waking up. February 16th 2011 saw a nice display of sunspots although not much in the way of prominences.   Artemis 285 with Solarview 50, close ups with 2X Barlow.       AR 1158         AR 1161

 

When I'd finished messing about with my earlier offering below of a wide field Orion, I got to wondering how my modded Canon 350D would cope with the subject. So while out on the evening of 8th February 2011, I left it running unguided on my EQ6 mount for a couple of hours with this result. I'd felt the slightly smaller pixels might resolve the stars better than the SBIG ST-4000XCM, but there's nothing in it - the SBIG version looks more fussy simply because more background stars are visible! I'd intended to image at ISO800, but in fact (I was in a hurry and didn't check!) ended up with ISO 1600. 14 x 10 minute subs, same Tamron 17-50 f2.8 lens at approx 30 mm, f5.6. Dark frame subtracted of course, and it was pretty cold, so not much noise anyway. Considering the SBIG was cooled to -30 deg C and I used 15 minute subs for that pic, I think the Canon has acquitted itself quite well. But IMHO the dedicated camera wins - so it should for the money! Again used StarSpikes Pro to bring up the main stars. Full size (2 MB!) Still those dratted power line shadows. I don't think I'll get another proper chance this year. Maybe next year if I and the world survive .

On the night of 7th February 2011 I had a look at the slightly distorted galaxy NGC 3893 in Ursa Major. Mediocre seeing and slightly hazy. SBIG ST10XME with AO-8 on 12" LX200ACF OTA at f10. Luminance 11 x 15 minutes, RGB each 6 x 10 minutes binned 2x2. There's a faint hint of an extended arm dropping down between 3893 and the smaller neighbour 3896. Maybe I'll have another go with longer subs given the opportunity. Full size

The BBC 'Sky at Night' programme broadcast at the beginning of February 2011 put out a request for images of Orion. I submitted images, some of which were used along with old favourite Milky Way from La Palma to show the Scorpion - Orion's nemesis in mythology! But I didn't have a suitable image of the whole constellation, and bad weather prevailed for the 'window' available to submit. However a clear night on 30th January gave me a chance. I had to scrap some subs due to passing cloud and light pollution, but here is the result from my back garden. 13 x 15 minutes, SBIG ST-4000XCM with Tamron 17-50 f2.8 zoom lens at 30 mm and f5.6 . Unguided on EQ6 Pro mount. Full size (1.2 MB) Spikes added with Star Spikes Pro to enhance the main constellation stars. Despite combining many frames, still a hint of the power lines which cross my South field of view. Maybe I'll try again from a darker unobstructed site. This image is featured in the Jodrell Bank Radio Telescope introduction brochure. The second frame taken, although not used because of the trail, showed what at first looked like a meteor. But on closer examination after processing probably an Iridium Satellite because the trail extends faintly for the whole frame. And there is a second trail almost paralleling the first. The start of the 15 minute exposure was 19:05.00 on 30th January give or take a couple of seconds. Full size And a visit to the Heavens Above site confirmed that they were indeed Iridium satellites, 91 and 52, with almost identical positions and only 67 seconds apart - apparently 91 is a spare with 52 active. Details here. A few days later I managed to fit a Hydrogen-alpha filter (Baader 7nm) into the camera lens, and before the weather deteriorated acquired a single 15 minute frame, binned 2x2 to prevent Bayer patterning from the one-shot colour chip. Although desperately noisy, by the time I'd played with it, dimmed and blurred the stars it was worth a try at blending with the Red channel in the original image. And it's a bit better - the nebulosities are brighter and the star colours haven't been affected. It would have been nice to get several frames, but the way the weather was looking, not very promising. And by next month it's getting too late in the year.  Anyway the dratted power line shadows really urge me to make a completely fresh start from a different site. Another time. Full size (1.3 MB) LATER. Look closely at Betelgeuse and you can see a faint bell shaped dusty outline surrounding it. This is known as Pickett's Bell, Named after Tom Pickett who posted an image on Facebook in November 2015. See here. See also the Canon 350D version

  

Winter came early in November 2010! A prolonged period of North Easterly winds brought severe snow and icy weather to much of Scotland and North East England. 29th November, around 10" level cover of snow, with more to come before conditions ease. Clear air between the showers, but although I cleared the snow off the Observatory, no opportunities for any astronomy - too many showers! Larger photo